Milosevic Obit Short - Former Serb Pres Milosevic has died
NAME: MILOSOVIC OBIT 20060311I
TAPE: EF06/0214
IN_TIME: 11:10:45:05
DURATION: 00:07:06:22
SOURCES: Various
DATELINE: Various, FILE
RESTRICTIONS: See Script
SHOTLIST
RTS - NO ACCESS YUGOSLAVIA
KOSOVO - APRIL 1987
1. Various Milosevic addresses crowd in Kosovo
2. UPSOUND: (Serbo-croat) Slobodan Milosevic
"Nobody has the right to beat you."
AP TELEVISION NEWS
KOSOVO - JULY 1989
3. Milosevic addresses rally
AP TELEVISION NEWS
CROATIA - JULY 1991
4. Various of massive Serb military convoys on the road heading towards Croatia from Serbia
5. Various aftermath of ethnic fighting in Tenja
AP TELEVISION NEWS
VOJVODINA, SERBIA - JULY 1991
6. Various Serbian President Slobodan Milosevic inspecting Serb troops
AP TELEVISION NEWS
SARAJEVO, BOSNIA-HEREZEGOVINA - NOVEMBER 1994
7. Hilton Hotel takes a direct hit
8. Various houses hit Sarajevo
POOL
SARAJEVO, BOSNIA-HEREZEGOVINA - JUNE 1992
9. Various aftermath in Sarajevo, man crawling away,
AP TELEVISION NEWS
DONJI VAKUF, BOSNIA - NOVEMBER 22, 1992
10. Trench fighting
AP TELEVISION NEWS
SREBRENICA, BOSNIA - JULY 12 1995
11. UN soldiers standing by refugees, Bosnia
AP TELEVISION NEWS
CERSKA, SREBRENICA, BOSNIA - JULY 12 1996
12. Women and children boarding buses
AP TELEVISION NEWS
KNIN, CROATIA - AUGUST 1995
13. Various of the Fall of Knin
AP TELEVISION NEWS
OHIO, US - NOVEMBER 21 1995
14. Dayton signing ceremony
15. SOUNDBITE: (English) Slobodan Milosevic:
"The solutions achieved here include painful concessions by all sides. However, without such concessions it would be impossible to succeed here, and peace would be impossible."
AP TELEVISION NEWS
NEAR SREBRENICA, BOSNIA - JULY 11 1996
16. Wide of mass graves
17. Men digging
18. Close-up of skulls
19. Close-up of forensic investigator with skulls in background
JRT - NO ACCESS YUGOSLAVIA
BELGRADE, SERBIA - NOVEMBER 3 1996
20. Milosevic and his wife Mirjana Markovic voting
AP TELEVISION NEWS
BELGRADE, SERBIA - DECEMBER 24 1996
21. Riot police charge anti-Milosevic demo
AP TELEVISION NEWS
BEBUS BRDO, NEAR RACAK, KOSOVO - JANUARY 17 1999
22. Various investigators taking notes on bodies,
23. US Head of peace verifiers in Kosovo, William Walker walking
24. Close-up verifier examining body
JRT - NO ACCESS YUGOSLAVIA
BELGRADE, SERBIA - MARCH 25 1999
25. Various shots of bombing
26. Milosevic addressing his countrymen on TV to defend their country by all means
RTS - NO ACCESS YUGOSLAVIA
BELGRADE, SERBIA - APRIL 21 1995
27. Milosevic's party HQ bombed by NATO
RTS - NO ACCESS YUGOSLAVIA
BELGRADE, SERBIA - JUNE 2 1995
28. Ahtisaari and Chernomyrdin shake hands with Milosevic
POOL
PRISTINA, KOSOVO - JUNE 12 1999
29. NATO troops arriving in Pristina
AP TELEVISION NEWS - AP CLIENTS ONLY
BELGRADE, SERBIA - MAY 2000
30. Various people at opposition rally
AP TELEVISION NEWS
BELGRADE, SERBIA - SEPTEMBER 2000
31. Clenched fists
32. Wide of crowd
AP TELEVISION NEWS
BELGRADE, SERBIA - SEPTEMBER 27 2000
33. Various of Milosevic in an event with supporters cheering.
AP TELEVISION NEWS
BELGRADE, SERBIA - SEPTEMBER 2000
34. High pan across wide shot of demonstration
35. Various of demonstration
36. Opposition candidate Vojislav Kostunica comes onto stage
AP TELEVISION NEWS
BELGRADE, SERBIA - OCTOBER 5 2000
37. Various of crowds storming Parliament building
RTS - NO ACCESS YUGOSLAVIA
APRIL 1 2001
38. Police lining the road outside Milosevic's house
AP TELEVISION NEWS
APRIL 1 2001
39. Convoy carrying Milosevic to prison
AP TELEVISION NEWS
SCHEVENINGEN, NETHERLANDS - JUNE 29 2001
40. Wide of Milosevic coming out of helicopter, flanked by two guards
41. Milosevic walking through prison courtyard
ICTY
THE HAGUE, NETHERLANDS - JULY 3 2001
42. Milosevic standing in court
43. Close up of chief prosecutor for the war crimes tribunal, Carla Del Ponte
44. SOUNDBITE: (English) Slobodan Milosevic, former Serbian president
"I consider this tribunal a false tribunal and the indictments false indictments. It is illegal being not appointed by the UN General Assembly. So I have no need to appoint counsel to an illegal organ."
45. Interiors of courtroom
STORYLINE:
Former Serbian President Slobodan Milosevic has died in the detention centre at The Hague tribunal. He was found dead in his cell on Saturday morning.
It is believed he died of natural causes.
For almost a decade Milosevic was the undisputed leader of his country.
Charismatic, cynical and astute, he held his position in Serbia's turbulent political waters by skilfully and quickly switching masks: first a communist, then a nationalist, then a communist once more.
Milosevic joined the communist party in 1960s and proved himself an able industrial administrator.
He was general manager of Belgrade's gas company and main bank before becoming chief of the capital's communist organisation.
He burst onto the political scene in spring 1987 with an impassioned speech in support of minority Serbs in the southern province of Kosovo.
Milosevic's naked nationalism was a break with the Yugoslav communist tradition of brotherhood and unity.
It lit a fire among Serbs throughout the former-Yugoslavia, allowing Milosevic to sideline other communist leaders and seize the leadership of the communist party.
Millions of Serbs viewed Milosevic as a hero who would create the Greater Serbia of their myths.
Within two years he was propelled to the Serbian presidency.
Under the pretext of protecting Serbs living in Croatia, he used the Serb-led Yugoslav army to intervene against Croatia's secessionist drive in 1991.
At least ten-thousand people were killed and hundreds of Croatian towns and villages were devastated before the war ground to a United Nations (UN) patrolled ceasefire in January 1992.
When Bosnia tried to break away in April 1992, Milosevic bankrolled the Bosnian Serb rebellion and turned the Yugoslav army in the republic into a Bosnian Serb force.
About 200,000 people were killed and millions were left homeless in the three-and-a-half-year war.
The United Nations punished Serbia and Montenegro - all that remained of Yugoslavia - by imposing a strict trade embargo.
Fuel shortages were a visible sign of a wholesale collapse of the Serbian economy. Half the workforce was unemployed and hyperinflation wiped out savings.
Milosevic saw that the only way to get the sanctions lifted was to play the role of the peacemaker.
That involved abandoning Croatia's rebel Serbs, who were driven from their homes when the Croatian army recaptured almost all the land the Serbs had seized there in 1991.
And it meant abandoning the nationalist goal of a Serb state in Bosnia when Milosevic negotiated peace in the Serbs' name and signed a US sponsored peace truce in Dayton, Ohio, in November 1995.
"The solutions achieved here include painful concessions by all sides. However, without such concessions it would be impossible to succeed here, and peace would be impossible. Therefore, no party should regret the concessions which were given," Milosevic said.
From then on Milosevic was a necessary US tool in trying to hold Bosnian Serbs to a bargain they hated and had not made.
He was feted by western political and military leaders and rewarded with a lifting of sanctions.
But if Milosevic thought the recovery of the Serbian economy would put an end to his troubles he was to be surprised.
At municipal elections on November 17, his Socialist Party suffered serious reverses.
True to form, Milosevic's regime reacted by nullifying the vote in towns and municipalities won by the opposition coalition.
When protestors took to the streets Milosevic first tried a softly-softly approach.
When it became clear the protests weren't going to peter out he ordered riot police to clear the streets and closed down opposition radio stations.
But after nearly three months of street protests, Serbia's opposition leaders gained their first democratic concessions from Milosevic.
Shortly afterwards, Belgrade's first non-communist leaders in half a century took their seats in the capital's city hall.
But the opposition's popularity only lasted six months, and in July 1997 Milosevic, his power base stronger than ever, was elected president of Yugoslavia.
It was a hastily organised election, apparently to prevent the leaders of Montenegro from voting against him.
In July 1997, Milosevic launched a military offensive against ethnic Albanians in Kosovo.
For several months Albanians sought refuge in neighbouring Macedonia.
With peace talks breaking down after Milosevic refused to sign the internationally-sponsored autonomy plan, NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation) launched military strikes against Serbia.
A defiant Milosevic told his countrymen to defend their country by every means.
But after 11 weeks of bombing, Milosevic gave into NATO's demands.
He was later indicted for war crimes by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, in The Hague.
Despite the death and destruction wreaked by the bombing and the imminent arrival of a huge foreign force on Yugoslav soil, Milosevic proclaimed a victory for the Serbs.
But despite his defiant stand, the Yugoslav leader was losing support at home.
On the streets of Belgrade and other cities, thousands of people rallied to oust Milosevic and the previously divided opposition began to co-operate in order to realise their shared dream of ejecting Milosevic from power.
Hundreds of thousands of people swarmed the capital to demand that Milosevic accept his apparent electoral defeat by Vojislav Kostunica in the September 24 election.
As demonstrators charged and riot police cowered behind helmets and shields, the federal parliament building, the state broadcasting centre and police stations fell in quick succession.
More than 100,000 people gathered in front of parliament to hear Kostunica's speech.
The crowd chanted "Save Serbia and kill yourself Slobodan!" as opposition leaders claimed victory over Milosevic.
On 5 October 2000 nearly 15,000 people, crammed into cars and buses, travelled in convoy to Belgrade.
Once in the capital the huge crowds stormed the Parliament building, smashing windows, ransacking offices and setting them on fire.
Milosevic finally conceded defeat and Kostunica was declared president.
Despite repeated calls by the international community to hand Milosevic over to the International War Crimes Tribunal in the Hague, Kostunica, himself a Serb nationalist, allowed the former President to remain at the presidential palace.
Since then Milosevic's appearances were sparse, but in a televised interview Milosevic remained defiant, insisting his regime had committed no crimes, feared nothing from the Hague tribunal and that his conscience was clear.
Asked whether he was afraid of the Hague, Milosevic said, "I do not recognise The Hague. It is a political institution which is a part of the mechanism of ruining Serbian nation and it had proven itself to be such an institution throughout its existence. Also it is an illegal institution."
Milosevic said he had no reason to be afraid. "I am not afraid of the Yugoslav courts, I can sleep peacefully, I don't have a guilty conscience," he said.
On 1 April 2001 Milosevic was arrested in his villa after a two day standoff during which he threatened to kill his family and himself.
The arrest coincided with the expiry of an American deadline to the Yugoslav government to detain Milosevic or risk losing substantial economic aid.
Although not formally charged, Milosevic would have to answer questions on financial corruption and abuse of power.
Following another American and European deadline, for extradition to the United Nations war crimes tribunal in the Hague, Milosevic was shipped of to Scheveningen prison before answering any charges in his own country.
He faced charges of planning and ordering a campaign of terror, persecution and violence against the Kosovo Albanians at the end of the 1990s.
Chief prosecutor Carla Del Ponte broadened the charges to cover alleged war crimes in Bosnia and Croatia.
At the hearing Milosevic appeared without lawyers and refused to enter a plea to war crimes allegations, telling the UN tribunal that his trial was aimed at covering up Western crimes in Yugoslavia.
On December 2003, former US General Wesley Clarke, and former NATO commander, testified as a prosecution witness at the International war crimes tribunal. Milosevic said that Clarke was a liar.
On July 2004, the tribunal delayed the trial due to concerns about Milosevic health.
Milosevic opened his defence on 31 September 2004, starting the long-delayed second half of his trial.
Milosevic began by complaining to the judges that he was allotted only four hours to make his opening statement, while prosecutors were given three days to outline their case when the trial began in February 2002.
But presiding judge Patrick Robinson ordered Milosevic to proceed, saying the defence case had repeatedly been delayed by Milosevic's frail health.
By the time of his death, the prosecution had completed its case, but the defence was continuing, interrupted by Milosevic's frequent ill-health.