Bill Moyers The landless poor Robert McNamara 54:32 The landless poor, exactly refer what we call the lowest 40%. The only way to deal with the lowest 40% is to raise their productivity, redistribution of income is not going to do it, but to raise their productivity. There has to be a redistribution of government services. You got to stop treating the urban centers as privileged centers for purposes of primary education and get that primary education on to the rural areas. You've got to have roads out there. I think I'm right in saying 50% of the rural people in in Ethiopia are more than one day's walk from the nearest dirt road? How can you expect them to do increase their productivity and produce a surplus for cash sale, which they may then used to build a better house or buy a school or something when they can't get their product to market? But throughout the developing world, there's a maldistribution of services, education, health, water, etc, that's got to be changed, it's going to take time to do it. The political power is in the hands of those who don't want to give it up.

Sequence on Addis Ababa, low shacks, many displaying handicrafts, people moving about. Sequence on Addis Ababa market district, tradesmen, artisans, weavers, saddle makers.

Busy city of Addis Ababa, capital city of Ethiopia

Dimeka Ethiopia Africa Lower Omo Valley market with Bena tribes selling items and talking in crowded market

Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Abyssinia). <br/> <br/>GV. Addis Ababa's the triumph arch over the broad Churchill Avenue. GV. The old market. LV. Old market showing new building in background. LV. Old market with clothes hanging out of the old shacks. GV. Main street in Addis Ababa showing new building. LV. Local inhabitants walking about in front of the new King George Bar. SV. Pan to local Abyssinians walking past camera. SV. Pan, Emperor of Ethiopia Haile Selassie stepping out of car with children, and he walks up steps into building. <br/> <br/>(Lav.) (Orig.B.)

PRESIDENT RONALD REAGAN SPEECH TO THE MEETING OF THE INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND.

ORIG. COLOR 1100 SOF / MAG. VS WORKERS BEING SEARCHED AS THEY ENTER MIN. OF INFO. BLDG. IN ADDIS ABABA. EXTS. CITY HALL, SHOWING DAMAGE FROM BOMB BLAST. SHOTS OF HOUSES DAMAGED BY CANNON FIRE. SU & VO BRANNIGAN. MORE OF SOLDIERS SEARCHING PEDESTRIANS & MOTORISTS. VS OPEN MARKET PLACE IN ADDIS ABABA, PEOPLE SHOPPING FOR CLOTHES. TRACKING SHOT PAST COMMER- CIAL BANK OF ETHIOPIA, GUARDED BY SOLDIERS. TRACKING SHOT PAST PRISON WHERE POLITICAL PRISONERS ARE BEING HELD; PRISONERS VISIBLE IN YARD. EXTS. ROYAL PALACE. EXTS. DAMAGED HOUSE WHERE FORMER JUNTA LEADER GEN. AMAN ANDOM, WAS SLAIN BY RIVAL JUNTA FACTION. CI: GOVERNMENT: REVOLUTION. BUILDINGS: STORES, STREET MARKET, ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA. BUILDINGS: BANK. BUILDINGS: PRISON. BUILDINGS: PALACE.

Abyssinia (R1-R2)

Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, crowded streets, African city, man leading donkey down street, hugh crowds, markets, overpopulation, market, kids, slums, tenenments, third world, shacks, hotel, city streets, Intoto, women walk down tree lined road carrying sticks and wood, children, kids waving and running, donkeys to camera, natives in colorful costume, huts, African woman with small baby, donkeys carrying, boy shepherd, faces, little girls smiles at camera, more donkeys, road through Ethiopian desert, four wheel drive vehicles, african road, Blue Nile Falls, waterfalls, jungle and falls, Ehthiopian orthodox church priest or monks, African family with spears, native women with baskets on head, woman smiles at camera. stone bridge over nile, small reed boat crossing Blue Nile, cows, cattle to camera, canoe on Lake Tana, sunrise over Lake Tana, Ethiopian pounding grain, monastery and village, eagle or osprey slo mo, huts, monastery, coffee beans, faces of young and old priest, huge wooden doors opened by priest, religious relics, monastery, nile river, Lalibela, old man walking with stick, huts and kids on playground, woman sorting grain, village, cliff faces, monk reading bible, hermit,

In this classroom film from 1963, a filmmaker and an historian discuss the background issues leading into the beginning of World War II, starting with the Treaty of Versailles and ending with Germany’s invasion of Poland. A major lesson of the film is the familiar of the strategy of appeasement in preventing war. (TRT 16:15) <p><p>Titles. Crane Brinton, Ph.D., the McLean Professor of Ancient and Modern History at Harvard University (0:09) meets with a filmmaker who is using a 16mm projector to show off the rough version of a documentary he has made. Brinton, a scholar with a focus on French history whose most famous book was "The Anatomy of Revolution", states that the unsolved problems leading from Versailles Treaty that ended World War I were contributive causes to World War II (0:55). French crowds celebrate the end of World War I in November 1918, on a balcony reading “Mme Georgette” (1:17). A raised banner: “L’armistice est Signe” “La guerre est gagnee” “Vive la France!” “Vivent les allies!” (1:28). Delegates meet at Versailles (1:35). A makeshift cemetery – “Nine million men had given their lives” (2:00). Lenin speaks to crowds (2:17). Crowds march in Germany (2:33). A Nazi (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterparti, or NDSAP). flag with a swastika, reading “Deutschland Erwache!” (“Germany, awake!”). (2:53). Riot imagery taken to represent footage of the “Beer Hall Putsch” in Munich (3:00). Adolf Hitler (3:07). Bundles of cash are dumped, representing the hyperinflation crisis of the Weimar Republic (3:18). A 20 million mark banknote (3:24). A German bakery demonstrating high prices (3:31). People hauling wood (3:43). People demonstrating and brandishing weapons in Italy - a hat reads “Siena” (3:44). King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy stands at a balcony. (3:55). Benito Mussolini (4:00). Fascist Blackshirts parade in a square (4:05). Mussolini speaks to a cheering crowd. He stands in front of the image of an eagle clutching a fasces (4:16). Housing projects built under the control of Italian fascists (4:41). Italian military, navy, tanks (4:43). Newspaper headline: “Stocks Crash 10 Billions; Sound Issues Drop 10 to 50 Points” – the 1929 stock market crash begins the Depression (5:00). People stand in bread lines (5:13). Hitler on parade (5:18). President Paul von Hindenburg names Hitler Chancellor of Germany, 1933 (5:33). The Palace of Nations at Ariana Park, home to the League of Nations (7:06). Soldiers fire cannons and scale walls, representing the Japanese invasion of Manchuria, 1931 (7:33). Pile of corpses, Second Sino-Japanese War (7:56). Italian fascists on the march, invading Ethiopia (8:09). Ethiopian soldiers march (8:16). Haile Selassie appeals to the League of Nations, June 1936 (8:30). A discussion of the policy of appeasement and its failure (9:30). Hitler speaks at a Nuremberg rally in 1934, footage taken from Leni Riefenstahl’s Triumph of the Will (10:00). German air force, submarines, cannon, marching soldiers (10:11). Hitler speaks with Mussolini. They look over a map (10:30). A bombed out building in the Spanish Civil War. Cannons knock down walls (10:50). German troops march into the Rhineland, March 1936 (11:10). President Edvard Beneš of Czechoslovakia. Czech soldiers assemble (11:41). Neville Chamberlain and Édouard Daladier meet with Hitler and Mussolini and sign the Munich Agreement, September 1938 (12:00). A map is referenced in a discussion of the leadup to the 1939 invasion of Poland (12:35). Chamberlain and Daladier in front of an Air France plane (13:58). British people march with banners: “Stop German Aggression – Act to Save Peace!” “For Peace Stop Hitler” (14:05). The British naval fleet, British and French armies (14:11). German tanks advance on Poland (14:34). Chicago Sunday Tribune headline: “Britain Goes to War” (14:39). A summary of the issues discussed in the film is provided. (14:50). <p><p>We encourage viewers to add comments and, especially, to provide additional information about our videos by adding a comment! See something interesting? Tell people what it is and what they can see by writing something for example: "01:00:12:00 -- President Roosevelt is seen meeting with Winston Churchill at the Quebec Conference."<p><p>This film is part of the Periscope Film LLC archive, one of the largest historic military, transportation, and aviation stock footage collections in the USA. Entirely film backed, this material is available for licensing in 24p HD, 2k and 4k. For more information visit http://www.PeriscopeFilm.com

NEWSFEED: 3/5/07, ANNA NICOLE SMITH FUNERAL, TRAILER PARK FIRE, STORM DAMAGE, IRAQ, OFFICIAL LOOKING BLDGS IN HOUSTON ;ANNA NICOLE SMITH CASKET ARRIVES AT CEMETERY. WA TRAILER EXPLOSION t/h with torn earlobe ;Aerial firefighters around burning trailer in trailer park, NX charred remains ;GA BAKER COUNTY DAMAGE house demolished by storm. MN WINTER STORM I-35 CLOSED icy highway, 'Road Closed', traffic on detour ;WESTCHESTER CO NY FLOODING flooded playground, flooded school bldg, kids going home, water welling up from manhole ;Rushing floodwaters, van driving on flooded street. NJ HIGHWAY FLOODING traffic on flooded road ETHIOPIA MISSING TOURIST FOUND French embassy, British consul, 'Ministry of Culture and Tourism' ;UN/FRENCH AMBASSADOR Dusk UN United Nations bldg, t/h. AL governor RILEY TOUR governor viewing storm damage- damaged cars and bldgs ;VICTIM FATHER SPEAKS. ANNA NICOLE SMITH HEARSE ARRIVES Aerial white hearse crawls past limo parking. BIRKHEAD LEAVES CEMETERY ;IRAQ crowd of onlookers, remains of car bomb, empty House Chamber, Cheney, White House, Iraqi market place ;BUSH WEEKLY RADIO ADDRESS (awesome card) ;LA JOE HORN t/h. TX EXTREME STALKER Tilt-U skyscraper, Tilt-D house, cell phone, social security card, credit cards ;Apt bldg, Houston Police Department, large brick hi-rise. GA GIRL BANDITS HEARING ;3/3/1974 TURKISH JET CRASH men collecting debris (its all in tiny bits), Aerial crash site, police around remains ;SC USCG US COAST GUARD DISTRESS HOAX sign posting admission charge for beach, beach, t/h. FL TOURNAMENT RESPONSE t/h ;FL COUEY TRIAL EVIDENCE mattress as evidence at trial, NX detectives removing body

Dimeka Ethiopia Africa Lower Omo Valley market with Bena tribes selling items and talking in crowded market

/n00:00:00:00 /n- [Busy market, people in market selling US &amp; UN donated food; man translating explains that they are selling donated food to get other food staples; shots of stacks of bags of UN ...

Early morning shot of people heading for market with loaded donkeys, silhouetted against bright morning sky. Day sequence showing native Ethiopians driving loaded donkeys over rough terrain, women, men carrying bundles of sticks on their backs moving towards camera on their way to the market. Shots include MS of beggar (man) squatting on ground as people pass by in immediate foreground.

Ethiopia (Abyssinia). <br/> <br/>GV. Panning shot over Addis Ababa capital of Ethiopia. Various shots of the street and a large market showing traditional methods of trading and traditional produce. LS. Modern skyscraper - pan to poor area with homes of the black people. Various shots of the children reading. GV. Television headquarters. Inside - Ethiopian television programme in action showing educational program being made for school children. Radio factory and finished radios on show in shop. GV. Phillips offices and factory. Aerial views of Addis Ababa, air shots of the military parade. Panning shot inside empty parliament chamber, includes close up shots of the murals. A large stained glass window. Various shots of sugar cane cutting and manufacturing of sugar. LS. Modern hospital. Interior of hospital. GV. Ethiopian countryside. <br/> <br/>(F/G) <br/> <br/>Date found in the old record - 04/02/1969.

STATE DEPARTMENT DAILY BRIEFING TOPICS INCLUDE:-RELIEF OPERATIONS STOP IN ETHIOPIA BECAUSE OF ATTACKS-

Busy city of Addis Ababa, capital city of Ethiopia

ETHIOPIA: AFRICA'S ANCIENT KINGDOM

09/14/74 C0048212 - COLOR ADDIS ABABA SCENES ON THE ETHIOPIAN CAPITAL ADDIS ABABA AFTER THE OVERTHROW OF 82 YEAR OLD EMEROR HAILE SELASSIE: LNC 56315 "ETHIOPIA SCENES" SHOWS: GV ROAD IN SHANTY TOWN: PEOPLE IN SHANTY TOWN: MARKET SCENES PEOPLE BUY FOOD ETC: TROOPS AND TANK OUTSIDE ROYAL PALACE: GV GOVERNMENT BLVD: CU LION STATUE ON ENTRANCE: TROOPS WITH RECOILESS RIFLE ON JEEP: HAILE SELASSIE HOSPITAL: GV TANK PAN TO CROWD OF ONLOOKERS: TANK DECORATED WITH FLOWERS: CU STATUE OF HAILE SELASSIE PULL CUT TO OUT CHANTING CROWD: (SHOT 9/12/13/74 61FT) ETHIOPIA - POLITICS POVERTY - ETHIPIA HOUSING (SS) SHANTY TOWN MARKETS - ETHIOPIA HAILE, SELASSIE - STATUE UPITN / 61 FT / 16 MM / COLOR / PRINT / R54523

Rift Valley, Ethiopia, horse and buggy cross railroad, village, cattle, cows, farmers, faces, african farmer, Africa, storks, lake with fishermen in rowboat, fisherman, birds and pelicans, fisherman with net, stork, african boy, birds, storks, pelicans, fishermen, boy smiles at camera, old man walking down lonely road, tribe and huts in woods, lake, plains, kids selling soap stone cars, toys, flamingos, safari, kids, faces, huts, lake with boats passing in silhouette, colobus monkeys, hornbill birds fighting over food in tree, African boys in front of thatched hut, boys dancing, hut, flooded river and waterfall, african children faces, kids, Caterpillar tractor pulling bananas out of flooded river, safari, jungle and high mountains, Netchisar National Park, rainforest, African refugees walk through brown water, flood footage, natives carrying, tribal boy holding spear and smiling, farmers, tribal market, tribe running down dirt road with spears in the air, pov from side of car, boys run along dirt road, lush rainforest mountain, jungle, Konso statues, native in green landscape, huts, woman with black scarf, smiling, Konso village tribe, kid walks with cattle and goats, huts, women smile at camera, teenage african girl looks at camera, huts, old man smiles at camera, tribal village, sunflowers and green grass around huts, African people on dirt road, Jinka, huts women and children, markets, policeman hassling woman for money in market, man is handed money from native woman, Ethiopian peasant woman with small starved child, market,

INTERVIEW INSERT: Robert Lipsyte: Greg, welcome. Congress is looking now into the whole diet industry, the idea that people lose the weight and gain right back. But what I've never understood is with all the hungry people in this country in this world, why are you concerned with fatties? Dick Gregory - Civil Rights Activist Comedian: Because I think they eat too much broccoli for one thing. and and the President said he don't like broccoli, that's probably because his mother probably cooked it in olive oil. But if his wife would cook it in pork rind, it would probably. Let me tell you how it works. I started off concerned about hungry people. And could I create a cheap nutrition for the world's starving people. In the process of doing that, I found out that if you don't understand the politics of hunger, then you'll never feed hungry people. For instance, right now we get an alert that some corner of the world people are starving. And we will buy $2 billion worth of food. And the companies get their money when it leaves the warehouse. And it goes and sits on docks because they don't have the roads or the scientific know how, or the ingenuity to distribute it. But remember, the people that sold the food, they don't get paid when hungry people eat, they get paid when it leaves the warehouse. And so looking at all of that, I also found out something else. And when you look at a hungry, malnourished, starving child or human in Bangladesh or Ethiopia, they got a couple of things in common, a bald head and a bloated belly. And then I realized one day that when you go to any major airport in America, and see ball heads and bloated bellies, you're also looking at malnutrition. And what I was able to do was take the same product that I use in Ethiopia, they use in the hospitals, we don't use it in the field, and convert that to a weight loss when it's really nutrition, but nutrition don't sell. People won't buy that says "nutrition" they say weight loss and so we will able to put a package together. Congress is investigating. And they issue it. I mean, there's certain myths out here, L-Tryptophan. I'm not about to believe that that's killing folks, cigarettes is killing folks. So I live in a country that's going to take a vitamin off the market, but they're not gonna take cigarettes off the market, then again, that's big business. And then if the same people that own the cigarette industry bought out L-Tryptophan, then it would be back on the market. And so when you sit and you look, my whole thing is nutrition. I feel ashamed 20 years ago, buying bottled water for my family. When poor folks had to drink what was coming up tap and I knew it was killing them. And so I went out of my way to talk about chlorine and fluorine is no good for you, and try to raise the level to the issue that we'll all eat clean food. I look around today at people talk about teenage pregnancy. And I'm 57 years old. And I'll be honest, I don't know what my youth teenage pregnancy would have been had we had 5,800 chemicals and additives in the food. And so until we sit down and get serious about this whole thing called nutrition, how do it fit in? Well, last year, when you count all the deaths in this country, from everywhere, you can die, homicide, suicide, accidental OD, we had 2.1 million deaths in America. And of those 2.1 million 1.5 million was diet related. Now, anytime you live in a country, that 80% of your deaths is related to what you eat, and then maybe the CIA is watching the wrong thing. Maybe it's not communism, gonna be our downfall. But what we eat is going to be the downfall. Robert Lipsyte: When you say diet related, you're talking about the cancers that are caused by fat. Dick Gregory: High blood pressure, sugar, diabetes, cerebral hemorrhages, and in the sugar, the salts, the water, the whole bit. And until we can change that, and I would just hope that I could use my voice. I remember. See, I was outraged over one day, I looked back and realized why I start drinking and why I started smoking. My heroes was drinking and smoking. I mean, Alan Ladd man, I mean, Clark Gable never said nothing cool without a cigarette. And I love Clark Gable. I wanted to be like Clark Gable, and I looked at one scene with Clark Gable was talking to this white lady. And that curly lock fell down in his hand. Everybody in the black movie said Oh, my man's in trouble. And Clark kind of switched his head around and flip that curly lock back. About three weeks later, I was with my lady man trying to flip a net back and damnit broke my neck. And so that's the effect they had on it. So I looked around one day, and I found out that I'm saying to young folks that drugs and alcohol is bad, but come on in a nightclub and catch my act. And so in 1973, I had my wife Lillian, call the office here in New York and say, Look, after I get past my last contract, don't book me no more nightclubs. And they didn't understand it at first, but it was my country. Alan Ladd, took a cigarette. Humphrey Bogart smoke whiskey. Now I'm 57 years old, and I noticed that my non-heroes didn't drink. Wolf Man, he never snorted no Coke, you know, Dracula never drank no light beer, and Frankenstein ain't never had a cigarette. And so I just didn't want, and I really believe that the salvation to this whole nation in the planet is not food it's nutrition. And I think the number one battle out here, I think sexism, racism, I think until we really get down to talking about our bodies and talking about, for instance, we live in a racist, sexist society and why we tolerate because we all high. It's not normal for a predominantly Christian society to have to drink as much whiskey as we drink. They have to stay as much high as we say, and we don't understand the whole drug thing. You know, I'm a fantastic income. So I leave my wife and she get upset, right? Whatever you do, please don't call the ghetto welfare system because they'll say kill me, you know, because poor folk don't have no recourse. So it's instant gratification. Throw some hot water on them do some whatever, you know, it's a call somebody in your income bracket. See? Dick's acting funny. I think he got another woman. Well, Mister Dude, come on by the house. Let's talk about this. You take my wife to see her psychologist. And it's like that guy's write up some prescription called drugs. Ghetto sisters, oh man, leave her got the same vibration. She got on call and buy her some crack. Two Americans did not deal with a problem from an ethical standpoint, from a spiritual standpoint, from a godly standpoint. They drove them out, they doped him out. And that's what we into, a drugged out doped up society. And when you do that, you will tolerate racism when you do that. And alcohol is the number one problem. Hitler neo nazis wasn't snorting coke and decided to do some Jews in. They was drinking the same whiskey the Klu Klux Klan was drinking to proclaim, get drunk on the weekends and let's go get some niggas. They weren't snorting no coke or mainline. And the number one problem confronting this country today is whiskey, but we tolerate it. Here's a dude down in Lexington, Kentucky last year, got drunk, come off the expressway the wrong way, hit a school bus and killed 27 folks, children. Got eight years in jail. You know, had they found some marijuana in his pocket, or some cocaine, he'd be on the electric chair now. And so I would say that health and nutrition and as far as the you know, Congress, investigating health and nutrition, they should broaden it. They should look in to we had 4,675 Americans last year OD from hard drugs, and 51% of those was prescription drugs. And 52% of those folks was over 60. And the over 60 population in America is less than 17%.