USA: LEONIDA METEOR STORM
TAPE_NUMBER: EF99/1283
IN_TIME: 22:09:59
LENGTH: 02:14
SOURCES: NASA/INTELSAT
RESTRICTIONS:
FEED: VARIOUS (THE ABOVE TIME-CODE IS TIME-OF-DAY)
SCRIPT: English/Nat
Stargazers from around the world are preparing for celestial fireworks.
Every year, between November 16th and 18th, the night sky lights up with shooting stars known as the Leonida.
Every 33 years, the meteor storm is more dramatic and scientists predict this should be a good year.
Professional and backyard astronomers are preparing for what could be the flashiest meteor shower in decades.
The Leonids are expected to peak in the coming days, providing stargazers with a shower of shooting stars.
The meteor shower is made up of hail, dust and icy rubble thrown off by the Tempel-Tuttle comet as it races around the sun.
When the Earth's orbit crosses its path, the cosmic pellets burn up in the atmosphere, creating volleys of shooting stars.
SOUNDBITE: (English)
"The Leonid shower is, basically, a bunch of little particles that were ejected from a comet, which are hitting the Earth's upper atmosphere as we pass across their path."
SUPER CAPTION: Scott Sandford, NASA Scientist, Ames Research Centre
Weather permitting, views of the Leonids should be best in North Africa, Europe and the Middle East in the early hours of Thursday.
Views in the United States should be less spectacular.
But meteors are notoriously fickle.
Astronomers say that people might have to stay up all night to be rewarded with celestial fireworks across much of the Northern Hemisphere.
This year's display may be the best of the next 100 years because of the position of Earth, Jupiter and the Tempel-Tuttle comet.
Astronomers from six nations will study the spectacular trail of "shooting stars" aboard a pair of U-S jets loaded with scientific instruments.
The two research aircraft, operated by the Air Force and NASA, will fly at 30-thousand feet above clouds and urban smog.
Instruments will study the meteors' velocity, chemistry and behavior as they slam into Earth's atmosphere from the vacuum of space.
Astronomers are especially interested in whether meteors might have seeded Earth with life-supporting organic compounds in the planet's early years.
SOUNDBITE: (English)
"Comets are thought to be repositories of the primordial stuff from which the rest of the solar system was made. We'd really love to know what the composition of that material was - particularly the organics, in the case of the astrobiology programme; to know when the solar system formed and when planets were formed, what kinds of materials fell onto the Earth from outside, in particular, materials that may have played some role in the origin of life."
SUPER CAPTION: Scott Sandford, NASA Scientist, Ames Research Centre
The Air Force and telecommunication companies, such as Intelsat, are concerned that meteors could damage hundreds of telecommunication and security satellites.
Intelsat, which operates 17 geostationary satellites, is taking steps to safeguard satellite communications.
SOUNDBITE: (English)
"What we will do is we will rotate the solar arrays about 10 degrees so we can minimize the surface areas of contact, therefore reducing the risk to our satellites."
SUPER CAPTION: Ramu Potarazu, Vice President of Operations, Intelsat Headquarters
Shooting stars can appear anywhere.
But astronomers say they are most likely to show up from the direction of the constellation Leo, which the Leonids are named after.
SHOTLIST: XFA Edwards Air Force Base and Moffet Field, California and Huntsville, Alabama and Washington, D-C, U-S-A - Recent
NASA
1. Animation of Earth passing through the orbit of the Tempel-Tuttle comet, resulting in the Leonids
NASA - Ames Research Centre, Moffet Field, California
2. SOUNDBITE: (English) Scott Sandford, NASA Scientist, Ames Research Centre
3. Animation of Earth passing through comet, meteor shower, and Air Force planes collecting data.
NASA - Edwards Air Force Base, California
4. Various technicians outfitting planes for collecting data.
NASA - Ames Research Centre, Moffet Field, California
5. SOUNDBITE: (English) Scott Sandford, NASA Scientist, Ames Research Centre
6. 1998 Leonid meteor shower
NASA - Marshall Space Flight Centre, Huntsville, Alabama
7. Men monitor computers collecting data.
8. Close up computer screen.
INTELSAT - Washington, D-C
9. Exterior of INTELSAT
10. Pan across satellite dishes
11. SOUNDBITE: (English) Ramu Potarazu, Vice President of Operations, Intelsat
NASA
12. Animation of Leonid?