00:00:00:00 Reagan SOT--Lebanon has made request for bigger multinational force to help them (0:00)/

THE CONFLICT AND THE COST

Scene of PLO leader Yasser Arafat talking to followers and scenes of armed members of the PLO walking through a neighborhood, possibly the 1982 Lebanon War between Israel and PLO insurgents in southern Lebanon.

SALINGER ON MITTERRAND 'S RELATIONS WITH REAGAN / BELL ON ECONOMIC SUMMIT / SMITH ON UNITED NATIONS VOTE ON ISRAEL OF JUNE 7, 1982 / MCCOURT ON ISRAEL INVASION OF LEBANON / WALKER ON WEST GERMANY RELATIONS AND HISTORY OF BERLIN / DONVAN ON LEBANON INVASION

Israel attacks Lebanon viciously, Holocaust, Jews come to Israel in 1942, Pre-Israel Palestine, Palestinians in exile. Ariel Sharon speaks, continued war in Lebanon, refugees. Lebanon fighting continues, Ronald Reagan on Lebanon situation. Marines come to Lebanon, dead in street, Knesset debate, refugees slaughtered in Sabra and Shatila, Begin.

1982 Middle East Scenes from the conflict in Lebanon - rockets launchers fired - explosions - Israeli battle tank View from Israeli tank over valley - Yasser Arafat - PLO forces - US marines arrive in Beirut 1983 - Scenes from the devastated city of Beirut - US troops search in rubble fro survivor after bomb attack

1982, ISRAEL & LEBANON, FALKLANDS WAR, REAGANOMICS & UNEMPLOYMENT, REAGAN SIGNS S&L DEREGULATION NOT ERA

DX VAR Lebanon: US flag surrounded by sand bags. VAR 1982 Israeli invasion, soldiers along road, Syrian tanks, return of US marines

A file photo of Theodore Arcand, Canadian ambassador to Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria, accompanied by an excerpt of a phone call he made to a news organization about the war in Lebanon.

VO BOB ZELNICK, ABC NEWS. CS ON THE ISRAELI WITHDRAWAL FROM LEBANON. MS FACES OF ISRAELI SOLDIERS. SOUNDBITES FROM THE SOLDIERS ON THEIR RETURNING HOME. ONE SOLDIER SAYS IT WASN'T WORTH INVADING LEBANON. CUTS OF PLO (PALESTINE LIBERATION ORGANIZATION) TERRORISTS LEAVING LEBANON, FROM AUGUST 1982. VS OF SHIITE MOSLEMS SHOUTING ANTI ISRAELI SLOGANS IN ARABIC. CUTS OF THE SOUTH LEBANESE CHRISTIAN ARMY DRILLING. ZOOM IN TO CHRISTIAN VILLAGERS ON A STREET. SOUNDBITE FROM A CHRISTIAN ABOUT MOVING TO ISRAEL IF THE ISRAELI ARMY LEAVES LEBANON. CUTS OF UNITED NATIONS (UN) FORCES ON THE STREET. MS SHIITE RESIDENT, ISMAEL ZEIN, GIVES HIS REACTION TO THE ISRAELI DEPARTURE. HE SAYS, "I DON'T CARE. THIS IS A FIGHT. IF I COULD FIGHT MORE, I DO THAT". CI: WAR: LEBANON. MILITARY: SOLDIERS, ISRAELI. PERSONALITIES: ZEIN, ISMAEL.

00:00:00:00 CU Pres Reagan/ MS Pope and RR/ SOT Pope on US role in world crises, Falklands, Iran and Lebanon and calling for world peace (0:00)/

1983 NUCLEAR ARMS RACE & ANTI NUCLEAR WEAPONS PROTESTS, US HIGH SCHOOLS, WAR IN LEBANON, KOREAN AIRLINES SHOT DOWN ;DX VAR marines in Lebanon lean against sandbags, clear rubble. INT MS terrorism expert. DX VAR S Koreans on boat mourning; INT FS newspaper headline: Russian Massacre In Air. VAR Reagan address U.N. DX POV Philippines: hide from gunfire. P-IN wanted poster ; DX P-OUT grave stone: Benigno Aquino. MS Corazon Aquino w/press. DX VAR soldiers & nuclear missiles. MS woman talks against nukes; DX VAR truck hauls missiles across muddy stream. MS protesters being arrested by police in orange overalls. FS missile; FS newspaper headline: Andropov ... Threat ...Missiles. DX VAR Russian propaganda/RUSSIA MILITARY May Day? parade, features nuclear warheads; DX VAR archival nuclear explosion Hiroshima bare partial skeleton among rubble. Graphics contrast US/Russian nuclear capabilities; INT VAR assembly of unnamed European gov. DX VAR Europeans protest nuclear weapons. INT MS Soviet spokesman; DX VAR British women protest US nuclear weapons: sing shake fence chant. MS protester speaks. VAR same in: Holland Italy W Germany; INT MS Leader W German Green Party talks nuclear threat. DX VAR bright green freight train w/nuclear missiles? in tow; DX VAR Wyoming: anti nuclear weapons protests. PAN-L CO line people join hands in field. VAR CA people/old lady being arrested; DX MS anti war activist speaks. VAR protesters NY banner: Remember Hiroshima. VAR Washington DC same. INT MS Rep Patricia Schroeder; DX/INT VAR Geneva START. MS Bush, Soviet reps. INT MS Reagan. VAR weapons w/graphics. INT MS Reagan going off about Communism- McCarthy imitation; INT VAR inside Kremlin? Graphic representation of Reagan's Star Wars. DX VAR fighting in Lebanon: tank, explosion behind bldgs; DX VAR Lebanon: US flag surrounded by sand bags. VAR 1982 Israeli invasion, soldiers along road, Syrian tanks, return of US marines; DX MS men argue, each w/different hat: turban, beret, army helmet. FS political poster. MS soldiers in jeep; DX VAR streets of Lebanon: cafes, peds. INT VAR national delegates @ table. DX VAR man fires machine gun, men launch missiles; DX MS Lebanese leader. DX VAR soldiers: US, French etc. HS town/coast. VAR marines walk along road. FS giant poster Islamic leader?; INT POV driving underground parking structure. DX VAR ruins of US embassy: ambulance crushed cars stretcher fire Red Cross rescue; DUSK LS helicopter. DX MS George Shultz. VAR collapsed embassy. VAR casual looking soldiers, banner of Khomeini. LS Beirut coastline; DX WS beach jogger battleships on horizon. INT VAR from movie War games Matthew Broderick, The Big Chill, Flashdance, Trading Places; INT VAR from movie The Right Stuff. DX VAR highschool kids get off schoolbus. FS Title: Nation At Risk: education reform; INT VAR high school kids: w/tutor, in hallway. INT tv screen WB cartoon chicken Foghorn Leghorn. MS little kids on couch; DX MS schoolchildren walk in line. INT VAR classrooms teachers students. VAR teenager does homework @ table. MS Sec of Education; INT VAR school board meetings? MS pres Forecasting Int. MS man National Education Commission. DX EST bldg US Israeli Lebanese flags; INT VAR Lebanon: meeting table ambassadors. MS guard w/rifle. VAR Syrian tanks & missiles. VAR Syrian pres. MS men on tank; DX FS trucks carry missiles. INT MS Druze leader. VAR PLO soldiers fire machine guns/bazookas @ bldg. CU man w/headshawl; DX MS leader PLO revolt. MS Arafat. VAR PLO rebels jeeps tents man w/rifle on hilltop. HS Beirut. VAR Israeli army retreats ;FS approaching Israeli tank, soldier on top half waves/shrugs/touching. P-IN smoke top Shouf mtn? VAR marines, looks thru binoculars; DX VAR marine shoots, fellow w/binoculars. MS battleships in haze. VAR marines: man plays taps, 21 gun salute, flag half mast; DX MS marine talks. VAR battleships/warships. VAR smoke rises from city as missiles strike, POV from behind ship's cannon; DX TRACK jet plane like b1b or b1a flies over Beirut. INT VAR Harold Washington first black mayor Chicago. DX MS space shuttle launch; INT/DX VAR Sally Ride first woman astronaut. NX MS Brooklyn Bridge w/fireworks. INT VAR Vanessa Williams first black? Miss America; FS Vanessa Williams on cover of Penthouse Magazine w/George Burns. DX VAR Michael Jackson Thriller dancing music video; DX AERIAL white sailboats on sea. DX VAR Australia II wins America cup, unusual keel. NX VAR airport, tail Korean Airlines plane; INT MS man State Dept reports KAL plane shot down. DX WS Sakhalin Island air force base. INT MS air traffic controller; INT MS Soviet spokesperson address. DX MS Reagan @ airport. VAR INT UN conference room. INT VAR air traffic control surveillance; INT MS Soviet pilot. DX VAR Koreans grieve/mourn: Buddhist monks people on ferry, plane like c47 overhead. DX VAR protesters; INT MS Reagan. DX MS airplane wreckage/debris on beach. INT MS men carry plywood coffin; DX MS Korean man stands at waters edge & mourns sad. INT VAR Russian map of Sakhalin Island area, man w/pointer ;

00:00:00:00 REAGAN IS ASKED: ANY WORD ON LEBANON? TO WHICH HE ANSWERS: NO (HE WALKS WITH NANCY WHILE HOLDING PLATTER OF FOOD) (0:00)/

Scenes of damaged and burning buildings from Beirut as the war between Israel and PLO insurgents in southern Lebanon continues. Aerial views of a flood sweeping through a community (possibly the 1982 flood in Iowa). Rescue workers pull people out of the rushing water and from damaged homes and buildings.

The Lebanon hostage crisis refers to the kidnapping in Lebanon of 104 foreign hostages between 1982 and 1992, when the Lebanese Civil War was "at its height". The hostages were mostly Americans and Western Europeans, but 21 national origins were represented. At least eight hostages died in captivity; some were murdered, while others died from lack of adequate medical attention to illnesses.Those taking responsibility for the kidnapping used different names, but the testimony of former hostages indicates that almost all the kidnappings were done by a single group of about a dozen men, coming from various clans within the Hezbollah organization. Particularly important in the organization was Imad Mughniyah. Hezbollah has publicly denied involvement. The Islamic Republic of Iran is thought to have played a major role in the kidnappings, and may have instigated them. Syria also had some involvement.The original motive for the hostage-taking is thought to have been to discourage retaliation by the U.S., Syria, or other powers against Hezbollah, which is credited with the killing of 241 Americans and 58 Frenchmen in the Marine barracks and embassy bombings in Beirut. Other explanations for the kidnappings or the prolonged holding of hostages are Iranian foreign policy interests, including a desire to extract concessions from the Western countries, the hostage takers being strong allies of the Islamic Republic of Iran.The tight security measures taken by the hostage-keepers succeeded in preventing the rescue of all but a handful of hostages, and this along with public pressure from the media and families of the hostages led to a breakdown of the anti-terrorism principle of "no negotiations, no concessions" by American and French officials. In the United States, the Reagan administration negotiated a secret and illegal arms for hostage swap with Iran known as the Iran–Contra affair.The end of the crisis in 1992 is thought to have been precipitated by the need for Western aid and investment by Syria and Iran following the end of the Iran–Iraq war and the collapse of the Soviet Union, and with promises to Hezbollah that it could remain armed following the end of the Lebanese Civil War and that France and America would not seek revenge against it.

BARS. CU INTV/W YOSSI OLMERT ABOUT THE SITUATION IN LEBANON. HE SAYS ISRAEL AND SYRIA ARE FIGHTING A WAR OF ATTRITION. HE SAYS ISRAEL DOES NOT SEEM AS INTERESTED IN STRIKING BACK AS THEY HAD IN 1982. OLMERT SAYS SOVIET BACKING OF SYRIA HAS INCREASED AND THUS HAS ADDED A DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVE. HE SAYS ISRAEL SHOULD NOT PULL BACK UNILATERALLY BUT MUST CREATE A STRATEGIC BALANCE WITH SYRIA. CI: PERSONALITIES: OLMERT, YOSSI. WAR: LEBANON (ABOUT).

NFB assistant cameraman, Seraphin Bouchard in hotel room showing light meter to camera, 1982.

00:00:00:00 EXCERPT FROM REAGAN P.C.--SOT ON PURPOSE OF MARINES RETURN TO BEIRUT, AND ON WITHDRAWAL OF SYRIANS AND ISRAELIS FROM LEBANON. (0:00)/

CS VO (CS ENTITLED "WHY ASSAD HATES ARAFAT"). CLIPS OF PLO (PALESTINE LIBERATION ORGANIZATION) LEADER YASIR ARAFAT BESIEGED BY CROWDS IN BEIRUT, LEBANON 1982. CLIPS OF ARAFAT WITH JORDAN'S KING HUSSEIN. LS BEKAA VALLEY FIGHTING. SYRIA ARMY TRUCK DEPARTS. MS ARAFAT IN TRIPOLI. SU. BLACK TO END. CI: PERSONALITIES: ARAFAT, YASIR. PERSONALITIES: HUSSEIN, KING. WAR: LEBANON.