JIMMY CARTER

Film showing students at the University of California, Berkeley, principally in 1980. It also shows glimpses of Vietnam war era background events. Opening shows students on a college campus. Two of them sit and converse. Scene shifts to National Guard troops and police near the University of California campus, in May, 1969, when Governor Ronald Reagan declared a state of emergency and sent 2,200 National Guard troops into Berkeley, California. Next, students are seen handing out voting information from booths on the Berkeley campus during the 1980 U.S. Presidential elections. Students massed on campus and some having lively conversations with others. The entrance gates to the campus are seen in the background. Students moving about on the campus and some seated at outdoor tables having snacks and conversing. A student being interviewed who speaks about employment. Complete shift of scene to American soldiers jumping from a UH-1 Huey helicopter in Vietnam. President Richard Nixon waving enthusiastically in front of the Presidential helicopter. President Lyndon Johnson glad-handing spectators as he walks along the streets of a city. Glimpse of American hostages being taken from the embassy in Tehran, Iran, November 4, 1979 during Iran hostage crisis. U.S soldiers firing a howitzer field piece in Vietnam. Returning American hostages leaving an U.S.Air Force transport plane. A woman student being interviewed at Berkeley campus about the 1980 Presidential race between Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan. Students seated on a long bench in a room where a picture of motion picture star, John Wayne, is displayed on a wall. A male student says Ronald Reagan has brought a new spirit into everybody in America. A Berkeley political science professor comments on the new voters. Students speaking positively about President Reagan. More views of students and voting information on campus. (Note: film is silent except for occasional interviews.) Location: Berkeley California. Date: November 1980.

The city of Tehran with the waving Iranian Flag in the foreground

newsreel - terrorism - sound - Iran hostage crisis, students rally for release, carry yellow flags with hostage names, student gives speech, red, white and blue balloons released

CU REPORTER WITH NEWS CAMERA. VARIOUS PHOTOGRAPHERS WITH CAMERAS. IRAN HOSTAGE CRISIS 1981 BRUCE GERMAN INTERVIEWED BY PRESS. IS INTERVIEWED BY REPORTERS OUTSIDE WIESBADEN HOSPITAL IN GERMANY AFTER HIS RELEASE, (1/23/81). TELLS OF HIS EXPERIENCES, TREATMENT, AS CAPTIVE. HOSTAGES WERE TAKEN AFTER FALL OF SHAH PAHLAVI OF IRAN (IRAN'S LAST SHAH) AFTER COUP BY FOLLOWERS OF AYATOLLAH KHOMEINI

The Lebanon hostage crisis refers to the kidnapping in Lebanon of 104 foreign hostages between 1982 and 1992, when the Lebanese Civil War was "at its height". The hostages were mostly Americans and Western Europeans, but 21 national origins were represented. At least eight hostages died in captivity; some were murdered, while others died from lack of adequate medical attention to illnesses.Those taking responsibility for the kidnapping used different names, but the testimony of former hostages indicates that almost all the kidnappings were done by a single group of about a dozen men, coming from various clans within the Hezbollah organization. Particularly important in the organization was Imad Mughniyah. Hezbollah has publicly denied involvement. The Islamic Republic of Iran is thought to have played a major role in the kidnappings, and may have instigated them. Syria also had some involvement.The original motive for the hostage-taking is thought to have been to discourage retaliation by the U.S., Syria, or other powers against Hezbollah, which is credited with the killing of 241 Americans and 58 Frenchmen in the Marine barracks and embassy bombings in Beirut. Other explanations for the kidnappings or the prolonged holding of hostages are Iranian foreign policy interests, including a desire to extract concessions from the Western countries, the hostage takers being strong allies of the Islamic Republic of Iran.The tight security measures taken by the hostage-keepers succeeded in preventing the rescue of all but a handful of hostages, and this along with public pressure from the media and families of the hostages led to a breakdown of the anti-terrorism principle of "no negotiations, no concessions" by American and French officials. In the United States, the Reagan administration negotiated a secret and illegal arms for hostage swap with Iran known as the Iran–Contra affair.The end of the crisis in 1992 is thought to have been precipitated by the need for Western aid and investment by Syria and Iran following the end of the Iran–Iraq war and the collapse of the Soviet Union, and with promises to Hezbollah that it could remain armed following the end of the Lebanese Civil War and that France and America would not seek revenge against it.

Iran Hostage Crisis, TWA Hostages, Malcolm X, Elijah Muhammed, Louis Farrakhan, trip to Mecca

NDS. BARS. MS OF FORMER ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF STATE HAROLD SAUNDERS BEING INTERVIEWED ON THE FIFTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE AMERICAN EMBASSY TAKEOVER, AND SEIZURE OF HOSTAGES BY IRAN. SAUNDERS HELPED NEGOTIATE THE HOSTAGES' RELEASE. CR:140. SAUNDERS EXPLAINS HIS ROLE DURING THE HOSTAGE CRISIS. CR:250. HE TALKS ABOUT THE ROLE OF THE PRESS DURING THE HOSTAGE CRISIS. CI: PERSONALITIES: SAUNDERS, HAROLD. US RELATIONS: IRAN, HOSTAGES.

Scenes of militants with the Iranian Revolutionary Guard burning a flag and pulling a blindfolded hostage down the street during the Iran Hostage Crisis in 1979 accompany a report that the Canadian government might re-open its embassy in Tehran almost ten years later. PLEASE NOTE News anchor and reporter image and audio, along with any commercial production excerpts, are for reference purposes only and are not clearable and cannot be used within your project.

Video footage from the NBC 5/KXAS station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story about the family of Iran hostage Robert Englemann. This story was produced for the morning news broadcast.

00:00:00:00 SOT--(font)--doesn't expect further develompments (Iran had announced it was to make a statement on the hostage crisis-it turned out to be on the Iran Iraq war) after this Schorr and Berrett wind-bag about it. (0:00) /

NDS. MS OF BRUCE GERMAN, A FORMER HOSTAGE, RECALLING THE TAKEOVER OF THE AMERICAN EMBASSY IN IRAN. CR:130. HE TALKS ABOUT AN EARLIER TAKEOVER OF THE EMBASSY. CR:213. HE TALKS ABOUT HOW HE WAS TREATED WHILE A HOSTAGE. CR:375. HE TALKS ABOUT HIS CHRISTMAS' IN IRAN. CI: PERSONALITIES: GERMAN, BRUCE. US RELATIONS: IRAN, HOSTAGES.

TODAY IN HISTORY - NOVEMBER

Scenes of Canadian ambassador to Iran Ken Taylor arriving in Ottawa after he helped Americans held hostage by the Iranian Revolutionary Guard to escape through an operation known as the Canadian Caper in which he obtained Canadian passports for American hostages who posed as a Canadian film crew. Almost ten years later, the Canadian government considers re-opening its embassy in Tehran. PLEASE NOTE News anchor and reporter image and audio, along with any commercial production excerpts, are for reference purposes only and are not clearable and cannot be used within your project.

Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.

/n00:00:00:00 /nTOPIC: 20th Anniversary of US hostage crisis in Iran; also Iran today; GUESTS: Bruce Laingen; Shaul Bhakash. /n (0:00)/ /n

Iran fabric flag waving animation. Seamlessly loopable. High Definition 1920x1080 Format.

A rally outside the American embassy in Iran after U.S. hostages were taken. American flag being burned, crowds gather, another flag burning. Blindfolded hostage, Iranians cheer and march, holding pictures of the Shah of Iran, Ayatolla Khomeini. Hostages being led, hostages being released celebrating with champagne, families hugging, people cheering busload of freed hostages, welcome home parade. President Jimmy Carter speaking about hostage crisis. Negotiations with Iran for the release of hostages, Iraqi armed forces in the 1970s, more footage of the hostages release.

newsreel - sound - Los Angeles, California - protest against taking of American hostages in Iran, Iranian demonstrators with signs, police run on street, police handle protester, argument between Iranian and American, police make arrest, police wrestle protester on ground, Americans protest Iranians, shout USA all the way and go home, flag burning, man runs across street and is wrestled to ground, police arrest people, police fight off protesters, police bus arrives, Americans shout at arrested Iranians - Iran Hostage Crisis - American Patriotism

IRAN HOSTAGE CRISIS (10/27/80)

CONOCO, THE OIL COMPANY BASED IN HOUSTON, SEEMS TO BE SURPRISED ABOUT AN EXECUTIVE ORDER FROM THE WHITE HOUSE, CLARIFYING U.S. POLICY WITH IRAN. THE ORDER BLOCKS CONOCO'S BILLION DOLLAR CONTRACT TO DEVELOP IRAN'S OFFSHORE OIL FIELDS.  THE COMPANY WON'T FIGHT IT, AND SAYS IT HAS NO DESIRE TO BUCK POLICY. BUT A COMPANY SPOKESMAN WONDERS WHY, AFTER 3 YEARS OF WORKING WITH THE STATE DEPARTMENT, THE ORDER COMES NOW. FELDER SAYS HE DOESN'T EXPECT LAYOFFS, BUT HE SAYS HOUSTON WON'T GET TO BENEFIT EITHER. CONOCO WAS THE FIRST U-S OIL COMPANY TO DO BUSINESS WITH IRAN SINCE THE HOSTAGE CRISIS OF 1980. THE GOVERNMENT WANTS TO CRACK DOWN ON IRAN FOR SUPPORTING TERRORISM AND DEVELOPING NUCLEAR WEAPONS.

RELIGIOUS TERRORISM AND POLITICAL VIOLENCE THROUGHOUT THE WORLD. THREE DIFFERENT GROUPS. FROM IRAN, EGYPT AND INDIA. TERRORISM WORLD IN SHADOWS. AIRPORT SECURITY. IRAN HOSTAGE CRISIS. JIMMY CARTER. MIDDLE EAST. SHAH OF IRAN. IRAN-CONTRA. AIRLINE HIJACKING. RONALD REAGAN. BOMBING OF PAN AM FLIGHT OVER SCOTLAND. 1988 LOCKERBIE TERRORIST ATTACK. SADAT'S ASSASSINATION.