<p><b>--SUPERS</b>--</p>\n<p>Russian Ministry of Defense</p>\n<p>Wednesday (date of posting)</p>\n<p>Moscow, Russia</p>\n<p></p>\n<p>May 1, 2024</p>\n<p></p>\n<p><b>--VIDEO SHOWS</b>--</p>\n<p>- Various still images showing weaponry</p>\n<p></p>\n<p><b>--</b><b>CNN EDITORIAL INFO</b>--</p>\n<p>The Russian Defence Ministry has opened a new exhibition in the Russian capital displaying a collection of Western weapons and hardware captured in Ukraine, including a US Abrams tank and a German Leopard-2.</p>\n<p></p>\n<p>The military hardware is being displayed in Moscow’s Victory Park on “Poklonnaya Gora” (Memory Hill) and is distinguishable by the orange and black banners bearing the Russian words “pobeda” or victory.</p>\n<p></p>\n<p>The exhibition comes in the run up to May 9th celebrations, one of the biggest public holidays, that marks the Soviet defeat of Nazi Germany in 1945. The culmination of the celebration is the iconic military parade on Red Square attended by President Vladimir Putin and, in the past, invited heads of state.</p>\n<p></p>\n<p>The exhibition of "trophy weapons" features more than 30 samples of military hardware produced by the US, UK, Germany, France, Sweden, Finland, Austria, Turkey, Australia, South Africa and Ukraine that are displayed in an open area.</p>\n<p></p>\n<p>The displayed weapons and military hardware were captured from areas where some of the fiercest battles with Ukrainian forces took place during Russia's "special military operation," including the town of Avdiivka in Donetsk region, as well as Robotyne and Mala Tokmachka in Zaporizhzhia region, the ministry said. </p>\n<p></p>\n<p>It also features unmanned aerial vehicles, communications means and equipment of the Ukrainian Armed Forces, the ministry said. </p>\n<p></p>\n<p>"We feel Russian strength in these trophies. The more there are, the stronger we are," the Russian Defense Ministry said. </p>\n<p></p>\n<p>Ukraine's National Security and Defense Council said the Kremlin has organized "a propaganda show" aimed at boosting patriotic feelings ahead of Russia's Victory Day on May 9. </p>\n<p></p>\n<p>"Another goal of the campaign, which is being actively promoted to both Russian and foreign audiences, is to discredit Western assistance to Ukraine," the Defense Council said. "On the one hand, it is to show that the equipment provided to Ukraine does not help at the front, and on the other hand, it is to create a narrative that Ukraine does not value the weapons shared with it by its partners enough." </p>\n<p></p>\n<p>"No Western military hardware will change the situation on the battlefield. The enemy will be defeated," the Russian Defense Ministry said. </p>\n<p></p>\n<p>Ukraine has relied heavily on military assistance from partners across the world, in particular the United States, which just approved a new $61bln aid package.</p>\n<p></p>\n<p>The exhibition is divided into "several thematic zones" and includes "information stands on the countries of manufacture, tactical and technical characteristics, and the places and circumstances of its capture by Russian servicemen," the ministry said. </p>\n<p></p>\n<p>"History repeats itself," the Russian Defense Ministry said in a post on social media, referencing Russia's victory against German forces in WWII, when captured Nazi Germany weapons were also put on display, the ministry said. </p>\n<p></p>\n<p>In recent weeks Russia has made a series of tactical advances across the frontline in Ukraine - its biggest territorial gains since summer 2022 – with a particular focus in Donetsk region, including the small but strategically important hilltop town of Chasiv Yar, west of Bakhmut.</p>\n<p></p>\n<p>A similar, although less formal, display of captured Russian hardware is visible to the Ukrainian public in central Kyiv, outside the church of St Michael. The pieces have become a symbol of Ukraine’s resistance.</p>\n<p><b>-----END-----CNN.SCRIPT-----</b></p>\n<p></p>\n<p><b>--KEYWORD TAGS--</b></p>\n<p>RUSSIA UKRAINE WEAPONS MILITARY WAR EUROPE WORLD</p>

Refugees being housed, trained and taught in a factory in Europe, likely Germany. Aerial view of the factory and nearby apartment buildings. Clothes drying on line outside apartment building. A boy stands near tilted gas lamp post and a woman enters the building. Inside, the apartments are divided into tiny cubicles separated by hanging blankets. A woman holding a baby tends to a small stove with pot on top. A man and his wife, holding a baby in a small cubicle. The woman smiles and closes their blanket curtain. Refugee trainees work on machinery and equipment. A machinist working on a lathe, with sign on wall behind him that says something in German about language lessons. Children in an English class. The teacher writes in English on blackboard. Location: Germany. Date: 1950.

Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin meet at Yalta to discuss Europe's post-war reorganisation. Co-production with the BBC.

B&W film, 1959. New Construction in West Berlin.

NAME: RUS WW2 20090830I TAPE: EF09/0823 IN_TIME: 11:14:27:22 DURATION: 00:01:08:04 SOURCES: RU-RTR DATELINE: Sochi - 30 August 2009 RESTRICTIONS: No Access Russia SHOTLIST 1. Wide of Russian President Dmitry Medvedev and journalist during interview 2. SOUNDBITE (Russian) Dmitry Medvedev, Russian President (++part overlaid with a side shot of interview++): "One can think about the Soviet Union in different ways. One can think about the political regime that was in the Soviet Union and about the leaders of our state in that period very critically." 3. Wide of Medvedev and journalist during interview 4. SOUNDBITE (Russian) Dmitry Medvedev, Russian President (++part overlaid with other shots during interview++): "We really must all treat our history with care, especially with regards to those questions to which the whole world has already given an unequivocal answer. One cannot break those fundamental institutions that were formed as a result of such tragic events. We cannot cross all this out in order just to please one or another state which are currently in the stage of developing and forming their national identity, we must think about the future." 5. Wide of interview STORYLINE: Russia's president defended Moscow's role in World War II before the 70th anniversary of its outbreak, saying in an interview broadcast on Sunday that anyone who lays equal blame on the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany is telling what he called a cynical lie. "One can think about the Soviet Union in different ways. One can think about the political regime that was in the Soviet Union and about the leaders of our state in that period very critically," Dmitry Medvedev explained. Medvedev's remarks were the latest salvo in Russia's bitter dispute with its neighbours over the war and its aftermath. The Kremlin has launched a campaign for universal acceptance of its portrayal of the Soviet Union as Europe's liberator. In Eastern Europe, however, gratitude for the Nazi defeat is diluted by bitterness over the decades of post-war Soviet dominance. Medvedev suggested in the interview with state-run Rossiya television that nobody can question that the Nazi Germany started the war, and Soviet Union, in the final analysis, saved Europe. "The whole world has already given an unequivocal answer," he said. Tuesday marks 70 years since the Nazis invaded Poland on September 1, 1939, shortly after Josef Stalin's Soviet Union reached a non-aggression pact with Germany that included a secret protocol dividing eastern Europe into spheres of influence. Weeks after the German invasion, the Soviet army entered Poland from the east. After claiming its part of Poland, the Soviet Union then annexed the Baltic states and parts of Finland and Romania. Germany is widely considered the chief culprit in the war, but many Western historians believe Hitler was encouraged to invade by the treaty with Moscow, called the Molotov-Ribbentrop pact. The Kremlin recently has mounted a defence against suggestions that the Soviet Union shares responsibility for the outbreak of the war. Russians contend that the Soviet leadership saw a deal with Nazi Germany as the only alternative after failing to reach a military agreement with Britain and France, and that the pact bought time to prepare for war. Medvedev lashed out at the parliamentary assembly of the Organisation of Security and Cooperation in Europe over a July resolution equating the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany, saying it was a cynical lie. He suggested there was greater agreement between Moscow and the West about the moral aspects of World War II during the Cold War than there is now. Russian leaders accuse Western countries of rewriting history and understating the staggering sacrifices of the Soviet Union, which lost an estimated 27 million people in the war. In May, Medvedev created a commission to fight what he said were growing efforts to hurt Russia by falsifying history. Kremlin critics have accused Russia of doing the falsifying, saying its leadership glosses over the Soviet government's conduct at home and abroad. In recent months, Poland has expressed dismay over a program on state-run Russian television and a research paper posted on the Russian Defence Ministry's Web site that seemed to lay significant blame on Poland for the outbreak of WWII.

Beginning in August 1961, GDR soldiers erect posts and run barbed wire, separating Germany into East and West sectors. Spirit transferred from film to D-5, available in all HD and SD formats.

Newsreel report on the division between East and West Berlin. Graphics showing Germany divided into West Germany (FDR) and East Germany (GDR) zoom into Berlin. Refugees with suitcases wait in a queue for their cases to processed at the Marienfelde centre in West Berlin. Various views of women waiting. An elderly lady smiles as she helps a toddler drink. A toddler is pushed back and forth in a buggy. A long line of people waits outside a processing building as the newsreader states that 1500 people are crossing the border a day. Refugees are flown to West German cities that are in need of labour. Families walk towards an aeroplane. A train arrives at a station platform, where a waiting woman hugs a small child who has arrived on the train. Pan from the Brandenburg Gate to soldiers constructing fences with barbed wire. Curious people crowd around the spectacle. The mayor of West Berlin Willy Brandt looks around in a street. Various views of soldiers standing near fences. A scuffle takes place between a young man and soldier. Berlin; precise dates unknown. (Universal Newsreel_Episode 1961 – ABMA707K)

Activity at border between American sector and East German side of divided Berlin in 1952

--SUPERS--\n:00-:04\nRussia 24\n\n:28 - :35\nHeather Conley\nCenter for Strategic and International Studies\n\n:58 - 1:06\nNovember 8, 2019\n\n1:17 - 1:29\nRear Admiral John Kirby (Ret.)\nCNN Military and Diplomatic Analyst\n\n1:49 - 1:56\nJeffrey Edmonds \nFormer NSC Official\n\n2:39 - 2:47\nHeather Conley\nCenter for Strategic and International Studies\n\n --LEAD IN---\nTHE WHITE HOUSE ISN'T SAYING MUCH ABOUT THE WEEKEND PHONE CALL BETWEEN PRESIDENT TRUMP AND RUSSIAN PRESIDENT VLADIMIR PUTIN -- BUT THE KREMLIN IS.\nTHE KREMLIN'S USING PHRASES LIKE "MUTUAL RESPECT," "NORMALIZING RELATIONS" AND "ENSURING GLOBAL SECURITY" TO DESCRIBE PUTIN'S CALL WITH PRESIDENT TRUMP.\nINDEPENDENT ANALYSTS ARE USING WORDS LIKE "DECEIT" AND "MANIPULATION" TO DESCRIBE WHAT'S GOING ON.\nCNN'S BRIAN TODD IS HERE WITH DETAILS.\n --REPORTER PKG-AS FOLLOWS--\n(nats)\nTONIGHT THE RUSSIAN PRESIDENT, MAKING AN APPARENT NEW DIPLOMATIC PUSH WITH PRESIDENT TRUMP..\nIN A PHONE CALL OVER THE WEEKEND- VLADIMIR PUTIN AGAIN INVITING TRUMP TO MOSCOW. \nPUTIN THANKED TRUMP FOR AMERICA'S HELP IN THWARTING A TERRORIST PLOT IN ST. PETERSBURG. \nTHE CALL WAS INITIATED BY THE RUSSIANS. \nTHE KREMLIN ISSUED A READ-OUT OF THE CALL ON SUNDAY. \nTHE WHITE HOUSE DIDN'T ISSUE A READ-OUT UNTIL TODAY, AND DIDN'T SAY MUCH. \nHeather Conley/Center for Strategic and International Studies\n"This is all about Vladimir Putin shaping the narrative of the U.S.-Russian relationship. At his end-of-year press conference, his four-and-a-half hour conference, he was using the exact same words that President Trump was using to describe the impeachment inquiry: the 'Witchhunt'."\nPUTIN'S GRAND INVITATION - IS FOR TRUMP TO ATTEND THE 'VICTORY DAY CELEBRATION IN MOSCOW IN MAY- MARKING THE 75th ANNIVERSARY OF THE ALLIES WORLD WAR TWO VICTORY OVER NAZI GERMANY.\nTRUMP PREVIOUSLY SAID HE'D BE INTERESTED IN GOING. \nPres. Trump (no font necessary):\n"It's a very big deal, celebrating the end of the war, etcetera, etcetera, a very big deal. So I appreciate the invitation. ///So I'll see if I can do it. But I would love to go if I could."\nANALYSTS ARE CONCERNED TONIGHT - ABOUT THE POSSIBLE OPTICS OF PRESIDENT TRUMP ADMIRING RUSSIAN MILITARY HARDWARE ON PARADE. \nRear Admiral John Kirby (Ret.)/CNN Military and Diplomatic Analyst:\n"Given the fact that we know Russia is already actively trying to interfere in the 2020 election. We know for sure they interfered to a fair-thee-well in the 2016 and the 2018 midterms. /// So is it appropriate for the President to go now, given all that context? And I would say no, it's not."\nAND PUTIN CONTINUES TO FLEX HIS MILITARY MUSCLE TONIGHT...\n--NATS--\nRUSSIAN STATE MEDIA SAYS ITS NEW HYPER-SONIC MISSILE, KNOWN AS 'AVANGARD', HAS BEEN PLACED INTO COMBAT DUTY. \nPUTIN SAYS THE MISSILE CAN FLY ABOUT A MILE PER SECOND. \nJeffrey Edmonds/Former NSC Official:\n"The real challenge posed by Avangard is the speed at which it moves and the fact that it's maneuverable, and also difficult to detect. And so you have something coming in very fast, that's able to evade defenses that you may not know about until the last minute and that really poses a certain- very real challenge for U.S. defenses."\nAVANGARD WAS PART OF A PLAN FOR SOPHISTICATED NEW WEAPONS THAT PUTIN UNVEILED LAST YEAR... INCLUDING AN UNDERWATER DRONE THAT COULD CARRY A NUCLEAR WARHEAD FROM A SUBMARINE. \n-NATS-\nBUT TONIGHT THERE ARE BROADER CONCERNS.. ABOUT THE TRUMP-PUTIN RELATIONSHIP.\n...NOT ONLY BECAUSE OF PUTIN'S ATTEMPTS TO INTERFERE IN AMERICA'S ELECTIONS IN 2016 AND 2018, AND WARNINGS ABOUT WHAT HE'LL DO IN THE NEXT ELECTION...\nBUT ALSO, THE WASHINGTON POST'S REPORTING THAT TRUMP BELIEVED A FALSE NARRATIVE PUTIN WAS PUSHING- THAT UKRAINE WAS BEHIND THE ELECTION INTERFERENCE CAMPAIGNS. \nHeather Conley/Center for Strategic and International Studies\n"He wants to personalize this relationship. He wants to separate and divide the rest of the United States government and President Trump. And he continues to do this with friendly calls, support."\n --TAG--\nANALYSTS ARE NOW WORRIED ABOUT THE MOVES PUTIN MIGHT TRY IN THE MONTHS AHEAD. \nTHEY SAY, HE MIGHT NOT ONLY CONTINUE TO TRY TO DIVIDE TRUMP FROM HIS DOMESTIC POLITICAL ADVISERS...\nBUT HE MIGHT ALSO TRY TO DIVIDE TRUMP FROM HIS ALLIES ABROAD. \nEXPERTS SAY WE SHOULD PAY PARTICULAR ATTENTION TO ANY ATTEMPTS PUTIN MIGHT MAKE -- TO PULL TURKEY AWAY FROM NATO. \n -----END-----CNN.SCRIPT-----\n\n --KEYWORD TAGS--\nPOLITICS RUSSIA VLADIMIR PUTIN DONALD TRUMP\n

A "communist menace" in Europe (early during Cold War). The Local Communist Party demonstrates in Paris. A banner of Frederic Joliot Curie. Joliot Curie participates in the protest. Scene changes to Berlin. In Soviet sector, east German crowd marches in May Day parade celebrating Soviet leaders in the invisible line divided east and west Berlin (before Berlin Wall erected). View of crowd on other side in west Berlin staging its own demonstration against the Soviets and against a divided Germany. Civilians throw stones across the "line" and the police control them. Men form human chains to protest. Scene changes to community in Wisconsin where the effect of a Communist fifth column takeover is dramatized and recorded on film for an anti-communist propaganda effort: The police put the protesters behind bars in Mosinee, Wisconsin. Group of Communists enter newspaper offices, stop the operation of the free press , and put the editor in jail. The Red Star newspaper headlines: 'Official Soviet Proclamation'. A sign: U.S. Post Office, Mosinee. Propaganda posters and banners of Soviet Union are posted. USSA price tag on a bicycle. The Soviet flag raised in the community. Soup line and blankets are distributed to the workers to the 24 hour Communism "experiment" in Mosinee Wisconsin. Location: Europe. Date: May 4, 1950.

Montage barbed wire barriers separating Berlin, troops guarding sector crossing, the Brandenburg Gate, and an aerial of Berlin.

East and West Germany border. <br/> <br/>Documentation on file. <br/> <br/>VS. West German border guards with their dogs during a training session. The dogs practice climbing obstacles and crawling through pipes etc. MS. Three make believe smugglers running along railway track. MS. The Border guard with his dog begins to track the smugglers. MS. The three smugglers being caught by the dog and his guard. GV. Small barbed wire fence but on the other side the East Germans have laid a mine field. MLS. German look-out post. CU. Dog's head pan up to guard looking through binoculars. CU. Two strands of barbed wire dissolve to L.S. refugees in primitive conditions living just on the other side of the mine field in the East German sector. CU. West German guard adjusting and looking through telescopic binoculars. LS. Two East German guards patrolling through bushes. VS. Guards and dog patrolling. Various L.S. the barbed wire fence continues into the Baltic. LS. Soviet zonal board keeping watch out for escapes by the Baltic. VS. On board West German police launch, they help people escape from East Germany. <br/> <br/>(F.G.)

Color tape, 1989. Celebrations as the use of the Berlin Wall is ended and people chip away souvenirs. The date of November 9, 1989, is generally considered the official end of the wall.

Sequence of GVs of an unknown rural village on the East/West Germany border; 1959. Zoom out barbed wire fence around fields, pan over cobbled surface and village buildings. MS warning sign in English. WS East German police patrolling field behind barbed wire. WS police walking police dog along road that crosses border. (LCA6667P - AEVZ001J)

NAME: GER DEFENCE 20080310I TAPE: EF08/0271 IN_TIME: 10:27:35:02 DURATION: 00:02:18:10 SOURCES: AP TELEVISION DATELINE: Berlin, 10 March 2008 RESTRICTIONS: SHOTLIST: 1. Wide of hall, venue for German defence forces conference 2. Mid of German chancellor Angela Merkel arriving and sitting down 3. Wide of audience 4. SOUNDBITE: (German) Angela Merkel, German chancellor: "We have agreed on a particular time, in agreement with the whole alliance, for a mission in the north. Of course we provide localised help in other parts of Afghanistan if our allies need it. But we believe that we should, as the third largest troop contributor within NATO, fulfil our mission in the north, and that we should not create uncertainty that we will leave the north in order to go south, therefore disregarding our work in the north." 5. Mid of audience 6. SOUNDBITE: (German) Jaap de Hoop Scheffer, NATO General Secretary: "In an alliance where everybody is there for each other, there can be no separation of work where one deals with fighting and the other with post-war care. Everybody must be able to do everything. All partners in the alliance need soldiers who are fighters and diplomats at the same time." 7. Mid of audience 8. SOUNDBITE: (German) Jaap de Hoop Scheffer, NATO General Secretary: "We have to start the national debate from a realistic assessment of the situation. Part of that is giving up the idea that in today's conflicts, peacekeeping, fighting and reconstruction can be separated from each other. That is an illusion and I believe Afghanistan shows that very clearly. One who builds the schools in the north (of Afghanistan), is an equally legitimate target for the Taliban as the one who fights them directly in the south. Afghanistan cannot be divided in responsibility areas. That country will either be won as a whole, or lost as a whole." 9. Mid of all leaving STORYLINE German chancellor Angela Merkel and NATO General Secretary Jaap de Hoop Scheffer remained at odds on Monday over Germany's responsibilities in Afghanistan. Germany provides the third largest number of troops to NATO's Afghanistan mission but has been criticised for its refusal to deploy its troops anywhere else than the relatively peaceful north of the country. Merkel has justified Germany's position that Germany should continue to do what it knows best. "Of course we provide localised help in other parts of Afghanistan if our allies need it," the German Chancellor said on Monday, speaking at a German defence forces conference in Berlin. But she stressed again that German troops would not leave their current position. "We should not create uncertainty that we will leave the north in order to go south, therefore disregarding our work in the north,"said Merkel. Scheffer sharply disagreed and called the idea of being able to separate peacekeeping, fighting and reconstruction as an "illusion". "In an alliance where everybody is there for each other, there can be no separation of work where one deals with fighting and the other with post-war care," said de Hoop Scheffer, insisting: "That country will either be won as a whole, or lost as a whole," he said, addressing the conference.

This episode of The Big Picture's TV Series "Army in Action" focuses on the aftermath of World War II in Europe and Asia. The plight of defeated Germany and Italy, with their decimated cities and homeless population, is clearly illustrated with footage of the stark devastation. Hiroshima and Nagasaki, leveled by atomic explosions, are also shown and the situation in Japan described. The tragic costs of World War II are elucidated, with a focus on the reconstruction of cities, people, hearts and minds, and an assessment of the bitter cost of conflict. The post-WWII effort to lead defeated adversaries to democracy, and the Marshall Plan work, and the Occupation of Japan and the Occupation of Germany is shown. <p><p>The Nuremberg Trials and Japanese War Crime Tribunals are also shown, with the judgement against those who led their nations into defeat. <p><p>Starting about the 17 minute mark, the rise of the Soviet block is shown, with the Russians annexing formerly free nations and stifling opposition, including in Manchuria, Lithuania, Poland, East Germany, etc. The descent of the Iron Curtain in Europe is mentioned at 20 minutes, as Winston Churchill speaks on the subject. Sec. of State George C. Marshall is shown proposing the Marshall Plan at the 20:30 mark. At the 23:30 mark, the Berlin Crisis of 1948 and the Berlin Airlift are shown. <p><p>The Marshall Plan (officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was an American initiative to aid Europe, in which the United States gave $13 billion (approximately $120 billion in current dollar value) in economic support to help rebuild European economies after the end of World War II. The plan was in operation for four years beginning in April 1948. The goals of the United States were to rebuild war-devastated regions, remove trade barriers, modernize industry, make Europe prosperous again, and prevent the spread of communism. The Marshall Plan required a lessening of interstate barriers, a dropping of many petty regulations constraining business, and encouraged an increase in productivity, labour union membership, as well as the adoption of modern business procedures.<p><p>The Marshall Plan aid was divided amongst the participant states roughly on a per capita basis. A larger amount was given to the major industrial powers, as the prevailing opinion was that their resuscitation was essential for general European revival. Somewhat more aid per capita was also directed towards the Allied nations, with less for those that had been part of the Axis or remained neutral. The largest recipient of Marshall Plan money was the United Kingdom (receiving about 26% of the total), followed by France (18%) and West Germany (11%). Some 18 European countries received Plan benefits. Although offered participation, the Soviet Union refused Plan benefits, and also blocked benefits to Eastern Bloc countries, such as East Germany and Poland. The United States provided similar aid programs in Asia, but they were not called "Marshall Plan".<p><p>The initiative is named after Secretary of State George Marshall. The plan had bipartisan support in Washington, where the Republicans controlled Congress and the Democrats controlled the White House with Harry S. Truman as president. The Plan was largely the creation of State Department officials, especially William L. Clayton and George F. Kennan, with help from Brookings Institution, as requested by Senator Arthur H. Vandenberg, chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Marshall spoke of an urgent need to help the European recovery in his address at Harvard University in June 1947.<p><p>We encourage viewers to add comments and, especially, to provide additional information about our videos by adding a comment! See something interesting? Tell people what it is and what they can see by writing something for example like: "01:00:12:00 -- President Roosevelt is seen meeting with Winston Churchill at the Quebec Conference."<p><p>This film is part of the Periscope Film LLC archive, one of the largest historic military, transportation, and aviation stock footage collections in the USA. Entirely film backed, this material is available for licensing in 24p HD and 2k. For more information visit http://www.PeriscopeFilm.com

TAPE: IN_TIME: DURATION: 1:37 SOURCES: APTN RESTRICTIONS: APTN clients only DATELINE: Brussels, April 3, 2003 (FIRST RUN 1000 THE AMERICAS, 3 APRIL 2003) 1. Flags outside NATO building, security barricades with barbed wire in foreground 2. Policemen and barbed wire barricades 3. Close up of barricades, NATO building and flags in background (FIRST RUN 0800 EUROPE MORNING, 3 APRIL 2003) 4. Police on motorbikes outside NATO building 5. US Secretary of State Colin Powell arriving and walking through lobby 6. Journalists 7. Spanish Foreign Minister, Ana Palacio arriving, walking through lobby 8. SOUNDBITE (English) Per Stig Moeller, Danish Foreign Minister: "I think it's very important he comes to Europe so we can discuss, because there is a division in the NATO about Turkey and there's been division in the European Union about Iraq. So, I think it's very good that Colin Powell comes to an open, frank discussion about that." 9. Moeller walking away through lobby (FIRST RUN 1000 THE AMERICAS, 3 APRIL 2003) 10. Powell shaking hands with NATO staff and entering meeting with NATO Secretary General George Robertson, UPSOUND Powell (English): "Ah, I've broken up your staff meeting. I'm probably wasting your time anyway." 11. Powell and Robertson shaking hands, they sit down 12. Mid of Powell seated 13. Mid of Robertson pulls to wide of them both STORYLINE: U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell opened talks on Thursday with Russia and NATO allies, who are bitterly divided by the Iraq crisis. Powell met NATO's Secretary General George Robertson in the morning, but didn't comment to journalists in advance of the talks. His two toughest sessions were expected to be with French Foreign Minister Dominique de Villepin and his Russian counterpart Igor Ivanov, whose countries have opposed the Iraq war from the outset along with Germany. French President Jacques Chirac has opposed giving Britain and the United States a dominant role in rebuilding Iraq, arguing that would legitimise the war. Danish Foreign Minister Per Stig Moeller, a supporter of the war and strong proponent of the role of the United Nations in post-war reconstruction, said there are still important divisions between the U.S. and the other N.A.T.O. member states. As coalition forces close in on Baghdad, Washington and European capitals disagree over how to shape postwar Iraq. The Europeans want the United Nations to take a lead role in rebuilding Iraq early on, but the United States plans to install an interim American administrator in Baghdad at least in the immediate aftermath of Saddam Hussein's fall. The Iraq crisis has split Europe. France, Russia, Germany and Belgium have strongly opposed war, while Spain, Italy, the Netherlands, Denmark, Portugal and east European nations have backed the British and American invasion. However, even British Prime Minister Tony Blair favors a large role for the United Nations in rebuilding Iraq.

Wide shot of a rural road that straddles the East/West Germany border; 1959. The Eastern side is overgrown with grass, the Western side is well-maintained. (LCA6667P - AEVZ001J)

Bomb damaged and ruined buildings of Nazi Germany in 1945, including the Reichstag. Nazi Eagle symbol of Third Reich pulled down from building and crashes to the ground at end of World War 2. United States Army of occupation marches into city as German population lines sidewalks and watches them parade. Sign on a shop reads "Gaststatte Schosser." Many buildings in view are damaged or destroyed from bomb attacks during World War 2. American soldiers occupying German give candy to German children who at first hide from them. Nazi leaders including Hermann Göring, Rudolf Hess, Joachim von Ribbentrop, and Wilhelm Keitel, seen on trial in the Nuremberg war crimes trials. German people struggling to rebuild. women and children trying to gather wood from stumps of trees for fuel. A woman sawing a log. Women and children scraping food from inside trash cans and refuse bins, to stay alive during scarcity and shortages after the war. Americans providing food assistance and feeding German children in relief lines. Close up of a smiling boy as he receives food or drink. Soviet Russian Army soldiers occupying East Berlin and marching in formation. Russians removing an industrial lathe and other machinery and tools from Germany as the Soviet Union continues to strip Germany of resources after the war. A map of Germany and Berlin seen with divided regions as American, British, French and Soviet zones. Views of empty streets and heavily damaged buildings of Berlin after the end of the war. Children play amidst the desolation and destruction in East Berlin. View of Kammergericht, Headquarters of the Allied Control Council. Leaders seen meeting inside include American General Joseph T. McNarney, French General Marie Pierre Knig (Marie-Pierre Koenig), Soviet General Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov,. British Field Marshal Bernard Law Montgomery. View of Spandau Prison guarded by troops of occupying powers. Soviet and American troops drill and march on the grounds of Spandau Prison. An American soldier relieves a Soviet soldier at a watch post. Soviet blockade of West Berlin begins in June 1948. View of a man shutting down power in a power plant and lights going dark in Berlin. Blackout conditions in Berlin during the blockade. Germans plant vegetables in city to survive. Germans exchange goods in black market setting. A man plants vegetables in view of the Brandenburg Gate. The Berlin Airlift operations underway. U.S. Air Force C-54 aircraft flying low and arriving in Berlin, bringing supplies to West Berlin. C-97 landing. U.S. military forces unloading relief supplies and food from airlift aircraft. American C-47s and C-54s in the Berlin Airlift. Soap and milk being unloaded from airplanes. German children gather on a hill and watch low-flying American airlift planes as they approach to land at Tempelhof Aerodrome in Berlin. An Air Force airman throws a package out of the aircraft. It is a very small parachute with candy that drops from the American airplane to the waiting children. Children run to retrieve it and they share and eat the candy. Blockade is lifted in 1949 and rebuilding of West Berlin resumes. View of railroad tracks being re-linked, a locomotive running on tracks, and trains cross between East and West Berlin. Ships loading goods onto trains for Berlin. A coal processing factory running again in Germany. German workers producing industrial parts and goods again in production factories. West German construction workers rebuilding structures in West Germany. German people cast votes, establishing Federated German Republic (West Germany). Figures seen include U.S. General Alfred B. Gruenther with Konrad Adenauer, President of the new German Republic, together in Bonn, Germany. Soviet Russian troops marching on parade in East Germany. East German workers rioting in 1953, in protest of increased production quotas in Communist controlled East Germany. Soviet forces in armored vehicles patrol the streets and disperse the crowd. A large electronic billboard banner flashes West German messages and propaganda to those who can view it in East Berlin. Citizen refugees from East Germany arriving in a processing center in West Germany, carrying bags and luggage. East German refugees laying on the ground on blankets in a crowded immigration processing center of West Germany. A woman irons clothes in the immigration center, while a child plays with dolls. Location: Germany. Date: 1949.

Secretary of State James Baker discussed international issues including human rights, security, and environmental concerns associated with the European community.

Graphic illustration communist influence in Germany. Aerial post-War West Berlin. Communists stand guard at the Brandenburg Gate. Barbed wire divides East and West Berlin. Spirit transferred from film to D-5, available in all HD and SD formats.

Passenger point of view driving along the Berlin Wall with graffiti and steps on an urban road in Berlin; 1969. (LCA5989K - clips taken from rushes SKN114 - AEVZ001J)