News In Brief (Demonstrations against South African Govt.)

3/22/81 C0068245 "SHARPEVILLE ANNIV." LN27536 23/3/81 S SOUTH AFRICA: SHARPEVILLE: FRIENDS AND RELATIVES TIDYING THE GRAVES OF BLACKS KILLED BY POLICE IN THE "SHARPEVILLE MASSACRE" 21 YEARS AGO. CUTS KEPT SOUTH AFRICA, SHARPEVILLE: SHARPEVILLE SIGN: VAR SHOTS BLACKS DIGGING UNDERGROWTH FROM GRAVES: VAR SHOTS GRAVESTONES: CLOSE - UP OF GRAVESTONE: CHILDREN AROUND GRANDDFATHER'S GRAVE" EKTA(SOF): UPITN / BREYTENBACH: 1'36": 60FT: S/23/3/81 SOUTH AFRICA - SHARPEVILLE SOUTH AFRICA - POLITICS 60 FT COL PT

WASHINGTON, DC - MARCH 20: Maurice Jackson, Associate Professor of History and African-American Studies at Georgetown University speaks during an exclusive interview in Washington, DC., United States on March 20, 2023. WASHINGTON (AA) - A Turkish ambassador and his two sons paved the way for racial integration in the US several decades before the Black rights movement began. March 21 is annually observed as the International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, which originates in Sharpeville, South Africa, where in 1960 police opened fire at a peaceful demonstration, killing 69 people. Several years later, the UN General Assembly proclaimed March 21 as the International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination to honor the lives of those who died fighting for equal human rights for all in South Africa during apartheid, an institutionally racist system built upon racial discrimination. The legal framework of the apartheid in South Africa was repealed by votes in 1991 but racism remains a global problem that millions of people face throughout the world every day. However, the story of a Turkish ambassador and his two sons offers a beacon of hope as it shows the world that there is still a way out even during the darkest times.(Footage by Yasin Ozturk/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)

SOUTH AFRICA. SHARPEVILLE UPRISING. DOWNING OF U2 SPY PLANE. 16 NEW NATIONS ADMITTED TO THE UNITED NATIONS. 1960 GENERAL ASSEMBLY MEETING. ASWAN DAM. COMMUNICATIONS. ELECTRONICS.

1950s 00:00 – Sharpville massacre – BW footage people running in streets during the incident in the Black township of Sharpeville, near Vereeniging, South Africa, in which police fired on a crowd of Black people, killing or wounding some 250 of them. Views of dead in the streets. Wounded being cared for and others carrying the dead away. It was one of the first and most violent demonstrations against apartheid in South Africa. 1:09 – 1950s anti- apartheid gatherings – home movies showing people assembling for gatherings Sign Forward United to Freedom banner Man speaking to crowd at podium, pan of assembled crowd Sign Congress of the People Various of people listening 4:04 – BW more anti apartheid gatherings 5:50 – Police keep order 6:00 -= more gatherings – police link arms and march as a group 7:15 – police making arrests 1976 8:20 – 1976 – Soweto student uprisings - The Soweto uprising was a series of demonstrations and protests led by black school children in South Africa that began on the morning of 16 June 1976. Students from numerous Sowetan schools began to protest in the streets of Soweto in response to the introduction of Afrikaans as the medium of instruction in local schools.[2] It is estimated that 20,000 students took part in the protests. They were met with fierce police brutality and many were shot and killed. The number of people killed in the uprising is usually given as 176, but estimates of up to 700 have been made In remembrance of these events, 16 June is now a public holiday in South Africa, named Youth Day. Shots of police and helicopters overhead. Views of aftermath of violence. Firetrucks going to put out fires and burning buildings. Students throwing rocks. Students seen running from buring building. Police making arrests. Wounded being tended to 1970s-1980s unrest 10:47 – 1970s and 1980s Unrest (Bopha) – riots and fighting breaking out in the streets – armed factions fighting each other, arrests, injured, dead 12:12 – armed military, closed coffin, funeral march 13:00 – confrontation on the street leads to shooting Police attacking press as well as people on the street Military parade 1970s general views of South Africa 13:50 – General views of daily life in South Africa in the 70s Construction in the city, people on the street, general city life (Johannesburg?), traffic, pov out of car travelling through center of town, people going to work, boarding buses, general views of the city, people in the park, children playing, people at work, 36:42 – various signs showing separate entrance for black and whites 38:00 – wealthy suburbs – gated homes 39:00 – more views of city life 70s

London. <br/> <br/>Various shots, some close ups, of the men and women standing outside large house in London wearing sashes with Sharpeville and Langa written on them. They stand in silent demonstration. <br/> <br/>Various shots of the Ministers including Duncan Sandys, Indian Premier Pandit Nehru and Premier of Canada Mr Robert Menzies arriving for talks at Lancaster House. <br/> <br/>(Orig.Neg.) <br/> <br/>Year found in the old record - 1962.

African civilians protest in Sharpeville, South Africa. Civilians gather on a street outside a police station. They demonstrate against government apartheid laws and against policies which require the civilians to carry passes all the time. People holding boards and placards. A sign reads: 'Freedom in our lifetime'. Police fire at the demonstrators. Many people are killed and injured in the police action which became known as the Sharpeville massacre. Dead bodies and wounded men lying on the street. Location: Sharpeville South Africa. Date: March 21, 1960.

b&w, newsreel, March 22 1960, South Africa, audio - w/s large group of black South Africans in township of Sharpeville, various shots of crowd - some hold signs Freedom In Our Lifetime, line of South African police, tank down street, dead and injured blacks on group, ambulance on street, apartheid, civil rights - Sharpeville Massacre

The protest in Sharpeville against the South African law requiring black citizens to carry passes ends in tragedy when the police fire on the demonstrators, resulting in deaths and injuries.

STATE DEPARTMENT DAILY BRIEFING TOPICS INCLUDE:-US WANTS TO EXTRADITE RASHID ON TERRORISM CHARGES-AID TO NICARAGUA-SOUTH AFRICA- SHARPEVILLE SIX

SOUTH AFRICAN TOWN SHARPEVILLE, AFRICAN DEMONSTRATORS CLASH WITH POLICE, CITIZENS DEAD, FELLOW PROTESTERS HELPING WOUNDED MAN, POLICE PUTTING WOUNDED DEMONSTRATOR IN PADDY WAGON, LINE OF CASKETS, MASS FUNERAL FOR THE DEAD

Riots and uneasy conditions in South Africa and Congo during the year 1960. South African natives demonstrate against apartheid racial discrimination and passbook requirements. Protestors at Sharpeville shown burning passbooks. Policemen fire at peaceful demonstrators in what became the Sharpeville massacre of May 31, 1960. Next scene shows attempted assassination of Premier Verwoerd by a white farmer. A photographer takes photos as an aide holds Verwoerd after he is shot. Next scene shows riots in Congo, Africa after elections. Rioters dispersed by local police forces. The United Nations peace keeping forces arrive in Congo. Premiere Patrice Lumumba arrested and policeman ties his hands with ropes. View of Colonel Mobutu Sese Seko in military uniform. Location: Africa. Date: 1960.

Film about Nelson Mandela’s journey from anti-apartheid activist to prisoner then South Africa’s president. 00:02-01:04 - Color, 1988 - WS ZI of Zindzi Mandela being carried by an exuberant crowd in Soweto Stadium on Feb. 10, 1985. - MS of Zindzi Mandela hugging Archbishop Desmond Tutu and others in Soweto Stadium. 01:04-01:30 - Photographs of Mandela including portraits, wearing boxing gloves and rubbing noses with Winnie Mandela. - MS of demonstrators holding a banner that says “Wear a Ribbon to Celebrate Nelson Mandela’s Birthday, Free Nelson Mandela, and Free South Africa” with illustration of Mandela behind bars. 01:30-02:34 - ZO WS of a boy swimming across a river in in the South African region of Transkei where Nelson Mandela was born. - WS of a valley and mountains in Transkei. - Panning WS ZI of herders in a field in Transkei. - Beautiful backlit MFS of herders with in Transkei. - Good Panning FS of women carrying bundles of hay on their heads in Transkei. - Good Panning WS of cattle and herder in Transkei. 02:34-03:26 - Various EXT interview shots with Arthur Mandela talking about Nelson Mandela’s family land in Qunu in the Transkei and panning to WS showing it. - OTS MFS of Arthur Mandela walking and talking about Nelson Mandela’s property and pointing to his ancestors’ graves. 03:26-05:46 - ZO WS of people husking corn in Transkei. - ZI FS to MS of Nelson Mandela’s sister, Mabel Notamcu, husking corn (audio of Notamcu saying Mandela was a bright child). - Various INT interview shots of Mabel Notamcu saying their father knew Nelson would be of great service to South Africa and asking Jongintaba Dalindyebo, the Thembu chief, to educate him. - Panning WS and ZI on a building in Chief Dalindyebo’s compound where Mandela lived. - INT panning shot of the building Mandela lived in as a child (audio of Notamcu saying Mandela was determined to get an education). - MS portrait of Nelson Mandela wearing a suit (audio of Notamcu saying Chief Dalindyebo bought him new clothes). 05:46-06:09 - MS photograph of Mandela in traditional attire, MFS photograph of Mandela wearing a blazer and carrying a book. - MS photograph of Oliver Tambo, Nelson Mandela’s law firm partner. 06:09-06:45 - EXT interview shot with Chief Mtikrakra walking and saying all the tribes were enthusiastic about Nelson Mandela and Oliver Tambo’s law firm, that their office was always crowded, and that Mandela’s clients would wait for him at his home. 06:45-07:12 - Various B/W shots of black miners working and black men in handcuffs being detained by white police. 07:12-07:46 - INT MS interview with Adelaide Tambo, anti-apartheid activist and wife of Oliver Tambo, saying Mandela was a strong leader who had time for everybody. 07:46-08:49 - Various B/W shots of black people in the townships and Mandela in a suit walking on a township dirt road with a white man. 08:49-09:37 - ZI on various BW photographs of Mandela. - INT MS interview with Oliver Tambo saying Mandela had a leading role in the non-violent resistance against apartheid intercut with various B/W shots of people marching and holding signs that say “Freedom for All,” “Down with Passes,” “We Want Better Houses,“ “Equal Work for Equal Pay,” “Free Education,” and other slogans. 09:37-10:20 - Various EXT interview shots with Jackson Nkosiyane talking about seeking advice form Nelson Mandela. 10:20-10:36 - B/W ZI shot of a flier that says “The Accused Treason Trial December 1956” with a picture of 155 activists on it, including Nelson Mandela. 10:36-11:43 - B/W footage of South African police. - MS interview of Paul Joseph talking about prison guards respecting Nelson Mandela and how wouldn’t sit down when speaking with prosecutors intercut with B/W footage and photographs of Mandela and B/W footage of lawyers in a courtroom. 11:43-12:38 - MFS interview with Helen Joseph talking about being on trial with Nelson Mandela - B/W photograph of Mandela and others celebrating after being acquitted and B/W portrait of Mandela. 12:38-14:37 - B/W photograph of Mary Benson and MCU interview with Benson talking about Nelson Mandela disguising himself as a chauffeur when they clandestinely met. - Various B/W shots of South African police checking papers and pockets. 14:37-16:01 - B/W CU portrait of Mandela. - B/W EXT WS of people walking on a township street, up a set of set of stairs, and towards the camera. - B/W WS of factory and cooling tower. - Various B/W shots of a white man hawking newspapers and another pumping during a general strike. - Various B/W shots of a convoy of South African Defense Force’s Ferret armored vehicles. - Various B/W shot of blacks detained and loaded into vehicles. - B/W INT interview with Mandela in 1961 describing the governments heavy-handed reaction to the non-violent strike and how he was forced to change tactics. 16:01-17:05 - Various B/W sots of the aftermath of the 1960 Sharpeville massacre (voice of Oliver Tambo saying that the massacre marked the beginning of the end of non-violent struggle.) - MS INT interview with Oliver Tambo saying they went from being deliberately non-violent to deliberately violent. - Various B/W shots of investigators at the base of an electric tower. 17:05-20:09 - B/W WS of police at a checkpoint with a sign that says “Polisie” in the foreground. - B/W WS of police getting into a police car. - B/W CU of a newspaper article in the Pretoria Reporter with the headline “Bloody Revolt Faced. S.A.” - INT MS ZO interview with Joel Joffe, defense council for Mandela and members of Spear of the Nation, saying they faced death sentences, he had find a way to convince the judge to spare their lives, and Mandela would not apologize to avoid the death penalty. - Various EXT B/W footage of crowds and police in Pretoria during the trial. - INT MFS interview with Joffe describing the tension in the courtroom as Mandela read his speech and said he was prepared to die for his beliefs. 20:09-23:01 - EXT MCU ZO to MFS interview with Chief Mtikrakra saying Mandela wanted the Thembus people to attend his trial, that most wore traditional outfits, and he expected him Mandela to come back from prison. - B/W footage of 1960s Pretoria and a ZO on a B/W photograph of men sitting in a prison yard on Robben Island. - Various INT interview shots with Fikile Bam talking about his time on Robben Island with Mandela and what he learned from him. 23:01-23:49 - B/W photograph of Mandela with ANC activist Walter Sisulu in a prison on Robben Island (audio of Winnie Mandela saying Mandela concentrated on educating young prisoners academically and politically). - INT MS interview with Winnie Mandela saying “He turned Robben Island into Mandela University.” - Various shots of reporter asking Winnie Mandela questions about the African National Congress. 23:49-25:54 - EXT MCU interview with Fatima Meer talking about visiting Mandela on Robben Island 10 years after he was arrested, how the police monitored their conversation, that he wanted to know what was happening on the outside and if he’d be freed. - Various INT interview shots with Fikile Bam saying Mandela’s incarceration strengthened and focused him on the struggle against apartheid. 25:54-26:37 - Various B-roll shots of black South Africans walking on the street. - B-roll MS of newspaper cover on the side of a newspaper box that says “Mandela Talks on Violence” as people walk behind it. - B-roll FS of a black newspaper vendor selling papers to black South Africans. - B-roll CU of a stack of newspapers. - B-roll MS ZI of a cover of an Afrikaans-language newspaper taped to a wall that says “Mandela Rejects Convention for S.A.” - B-roll MS of black South Africans walking through a gate towards the camera. - Good WS of a woman walking past graffiti that says “Free Mandela Now UDF” 26:37-27:06 - EXT MS interview with Winnie Mandela saying Nelson Mandela is the symbol of the resistance, the African National Congress, and hope of South Africa. - CU of a photograph of Nelson Mandela. - WS of Oliver Tambo on a dais saying Mandela is a great fighter for the human cause intercut with great shots of people cheering. - WS ZI on the “Nelson & Winnie Mandela Corner” street sign outside the South African Mission to the United Nations on East 42nd Street in New York City. 27:06-27:48 - Great B-roll high angle ZO to WS of demonstrators marching in New York City with signs that say “Free South Africa,” “Victory to the ANC,” “Local 802 Apartheid is Out of Tune” and “Local 802 Support South African Freedom Fighters” w/nat sound of the crowd chanting and clapping. - Various dynamic b-roll shots of people in NYC playing instruments and singing, a person wearing a shirt with Mandela’s photo on it, and others carrying signs that say “Free Nelson Mandela.” - Various b-roll shots of crowds marching in London with signs with pictures of Nelson Mandela, carrying the African National Congress flag and chanting “Free Mandela” in front of The National Gallery. 27:48-30:32 - Various b-roll shots of Zindzi Mandela in Soweto Stadium on Feb. 10, 1985 intercut with the audience. - Various shots of Zindzi Mandela reading a letter from her father in Soweto Stadium. - Various good b-roll shots of the audience in Soweto Stadium singing and pumping their fists and a sign that says “Forward Democratic SRC.” 30:32-31:19 - B-roll news footage of a person firing tear gas from a Casspir armored personal carrier, stones thrown at a police Land Rover, footage of Nelson Mandel after he was released from prison and the large crowd that came to hear him speak, people dancing during the 1994 election, Mandla being sworn in as South Africa’s first black president and waving to a large crowd.

Dag Hammerskjold sees Verwoerd. <br/> <br/>L/S of Pretoria showing the countryside. L/S of street with crowds on one side showing cars coming towards camera. C/U Crowds displaying notices and banners reading "Dag Don't for get Sharpeville" and "Release political Prisoners" on another L/S Street cars going past left to right. C/U Crowds displaying banners "Act on U.N.O. Resolution" L/S Car arriving official opens door. <br/> <br/>C/U Crowds displaying banners camera pans along crowd showing woman pointing. L/S of party as they leave car and walk towards house along balcony. Party walking along balcony towards camera headed by Mr. Hammerskjold (U.N.O. Secretary General) L/S of crowd displaying banners. L/S Mr. Hammerskjold and Prime Minister in doorway standing together. <br/> <br/>Cataloguer's note: For search purposes, Apartheid.

Black South Africans gather for a march to mark the 5th anniversary of the Sharpeville Massacre, an anti-apartheid protest that turned violent when South African police fired on the protesters. Transferred from film, mastered in Apple Pro Res 422 HQ and Uncompressed, available in all forms of HD and SD.