Stokely Carmichael speaking at Dialectics of Liberation
Footage of Stokely Carmichael speaking at The Congress on the Dialectics of Liberation which took place at The Roundhouse in London during the summer of 1967 against a background of rising student agitation. This two week long event was a unique gathering to demystify human violence in all its forms, the social systems from which it emanates and to explore new forms of action. This is an excerpt from the documentary Anatomy of Violence, which covers the Congress and its significance. Sitting at the dais at far left is Emmet Grogan founder of The Diggers, poet Alan Ginsberg, black power advocate Stokely Carmichael and famous psychoanalyst and writer, Ronald Laing)
Carmichael addresses the congress about the cultural imposition of the west, the relationship of white liberals and hippies to blacks. He also talks about violence and protest. Audience is mostly comprised of young white men and women.
TRANSCRIPT BELOW:
00:00 – Stokely talks about cultural imposition and white liberals and how they view themselves vs how black people sees them. Makes comments about violence. …cultural imposition is because west thinks it is superior and forced everyone else in countries to adopt their culture and language…and various countries around the world are fighting for recapturing of their country – a fight for cultural integrity and to shed the western ways – because the west imposed but force their culture on the third world. We as African Americans were inside one of the most imperialistic countries …were stripped most brutally of our own culture. Secondly talk about apathy…says blacks are not apathetic – just look at Newark and what happened there. But what has happened is that certain levels of the culture have resisted the cultural imposition and that form of resistance was to completely reject what the west had to say and that is what the west calls apathy …our job is to incorporate that resistance and give it a political ideology and move onwards to our liberation.
5:44 – Thirdly about the white liberal – what most white liberals do is to avoid the issue of institutionalized racism or white supremacy or imperialism so that each of them look at themselves as an individual…first thing they say is that I don’t treat you like other white people and they remind me of Pontius Pilot washing his hands while Jesus Christ was getting crucified. (applause) and I am not sure I hold Pontius Pilot guiltless…but I am still getting oppressed, and if I am being oppressed by a society in which they are a part, and I am fighting that society, then obviously I am fighting them. What is happening is that white liberals are incapable of taking a stand one way or the other and their job is to stand on the fence as long as they can because they cannot make a decision to ideologically fight the west
7:00 biggest group you have are the hippies who are unable to fight their own culture so they drop out (cut to Ginsberg) and they become a neutral factor. We see them as neutrals and not friends who are helping us in our struggle. (cut to Grogan and audience). White liberals cannot define friendship…friendship means that the people you want for friends must decide if they want you as friends and the very fact that white liberals say you are my friend without black people saying yes you are my friend just shows again the imposition of institutionalized superiority….
8:00 to touch briefly on violence to give you a clear picture of where black people are – I want to use Vietnam as an example. It is clear to me that all the pacifists in the world are not going to stop the United States in their brutal aggression in Vietnam…only way is when the people in southeast asia come together to defeat the united states. For blacks within the united states, the only way we can aid them since they are being oppressed by the same people oppressing us, is to refuse to fight in the army – to build a black resistance movement inside the united states…if I resist to fight I get sent to jail – who is the draft board to make that decision for me – either I go to Vietnam or to jail. The only other solution is to take up a gun so that when the army, police force etc come to get me, I shoot it out with them. But I don’t believe in suffering to bring about my redemption and I have been suffering too long and still not redeemed.
10:00 Finally if my words seem harsh I would like to quote from Berthold Brecht in a poem he called Posterity – the last line he says to the world – Please do not judge us harshly but those of us who wanted to lay a foundation for kindness could not ourselves be kindâ€.
The footage continues with questions from audience and incredible interchanges between audience and Carmichael and amongst those on the podium as well. Fascinating and unique.
35:00 Second seminar - Address to the black community