BW 1920s CU President Warren G.Harding. Harding swings golf club - Harding's caddy is young black man. VS dormant factories symbolizing labor unrest, strikes - armed guards patrol plants.

Golfer Denny Shute practices in Florida with African-American caddies

LS of George Knudson playing golf, hitting from rough towards green, pulling shot into deep rough near green. Shot of Knudson finding his ball and running towards rough from where he hits ball onto green. Shots of crowd watching Knudson's caddy on green with bag as knudson putts and misses. Shot of Charlie Sifford (first black golfer on the tour) putting from edge of green. Shot of Ben Arda putting. More shots of Knudson putting and missing. Shot of Sifford putting. Shot of typical hole at Royal Birkdale Golf Club, much rough. Shot of clubhouse, crowd in foreground. (00/08/1966)

00:00:00:00 RX 144 - Blackwood, NJ - cnn
/n05311272
/nJanuary 29, 2008
/n
/n
/nNJ: CLINTON/THE BUDGET TRT :23 OC:"AND SPECIAL INTERESTS."
/n11:34:59 people ask all the time, well is there anything that hillary's more conservative on than president bush, and i have to answer honestly, that there is one thing - the budget - she liked it when we were paying down the debt and securing your future, not exploding the deficit to pay for tax cuts for the wealthiest americans and special interests. 11:35:23 
/n
/nNJ: CLINTON/PUBLIC SERVICE TRT :26 OC:"LOAN KNOCKED DOWN."
/n11:39:46 she wants to do something that we have not done in a very long time, she wants to say if you borrow money for education and later you go into public service - if you become a teacher, a nurse, a police officer, a fireman, a mental health worker, even if you're a doctor and you go out someplace that has no medical care, the service itself will be loan repayment and every year you serve, you will get your loan knocked down. 11:40:12
/n
/nNJ: CLINTON/CHANGE AGENT TRT :50 OC:"NOTHING ELSE MATTERS."
/n# 05311685 / NJ: CLINTON/CHANGE AGENT(short) TRT :28 OC:"NOTHING ELSE MATTERS."
/n11:42:01 she is a proven change agent, someone who has spent a lifetime making positive changes in other people's lives, that's what you hire a president to do, it is not for nothing the president is called the chief executive officer of america, not because he runs every organization or she is supposed to be the chief administrator, but because 11:42:24 no matter who you elect president, they are reponsible for whether positive changes are made in other peoples' lives 11:42:30 and this is really what this elections about 11:42:33 you have to define what the elex is about, 11:42:36 hillary believes there are only 2 things that matter in a president, number one, are people better off when you stopped than when you started, number 2, do our children and grandchildren have a brighter and more peaceful and more secure future, nothing else matters. 11:42:52 
/n
/nrough log:
/n11:04:48 local camden county dem official intros state senator Dana Redd
/n recognizing local officials , intro assemblywoman Pam Lamper
/n11:08:40 here to make history - send message - education vital - hillary believes 
/n women are electable... model for young girls....
/n intros state dem party chairman Joe Cryan (sp???)
/n11:11:47 ready tpo make history ? 
/n 11:18:03 woman's place in wt house
/n11:19:14 want to see history - let's go to work for hillary
/n11:20:07 next speaker -- Joe Roberts - speaker of state general assembly
/n11:23:01 intro 2 people - gov jon corzine and bill clinton
/n11:23:31 clinton at podium - corzine speaks - 1st gov to endorse hrc - right then, right now
/n11:24:18 know all candidates - most qualified - hrc 
/n11:24:51 in my view - knows and understands issues - get job done
/n11:25:29 we want g-w out and hrc in - hrc given lifetime to healthcare and children
/n11:26:59 intro bill clinton
/n11:27:20 thank you - reads list of speakers - thanks college
/n11:28:48 to do it - - we have to restore mid-class dram, give poor people a chance - after 8 years of new jobs - 7 years of people falling into povery - most think in recessions - paying more for basics - looming spctre of mortgage crisis
/n11:29:31 these are tough times - can bring america back - she will will do it
/n11:29:42 reclaim future for young people in audience - (cheer) - america - she says reclaim ldrshp in sci and tech... fallen behind in investment - let ideology interfere in science - from stem cell to global warming - get politics put and money in
/n11:30:31 america got to restart jobs machine - serious effort - clean efficient energy future - can create millions of jobs if adopt hillary's plan - 
/n11:31:05 they use your money to buy stock - she'll make us independent of foreign oil
/n11:31:19 solar, wind, thermal, bio-fuels - keep money at home 
/n11:31:37 in her plan - millions trained from college grads to hi-school dropouts - to make every bldg as efficient as possible - paid for by lower electric bills
/n11:32:08 to achieve big goals - have to reform govt 
/n11:32:16 ****hillary says pres has changed - she wants to change it - end to cronyism - end to no-bid contracts - an embarassment - end to middle class tax dollars to subsidize wealthy - drup companies - all of you young people should care about elderly health - healthier they are , smaller burden of cost 
/n11:33:32 the way they did it - some help - then stop - seniors fall into donut hole... have to buy own medicine - when nearly broke - goct starts to help again - this govt made govt only buyer of medicine who can';t bargain on price
/n11:34:30 hilalry believes pres and exec branch - too much unaccountable power under guise of fight terror - need stronger pres, but not unaccountable one - decency and rule of law should be restored
/n11:35:06 **** anything hillary more consevative on than bush - the budget - she liked it when pay down debt and secure future - not blow deficit on tax cuts for wealthy - get this country going again
/n11:35:40 beyond those goals - hilalry outlined specific plans - not have to wonder what she'll do - healthcare for all americans -if vote for her - everybody have coverage - can buy into plan like congress gets - tailor to famly - can't be denied or gouged - if not affordable - pay percentage of income - improve delivery and invest in wellness.... 
/n11:36:58 one of things i do from office - work with heart assoc - fight childhood obesity - have to do better job keeping people well... keep seniors well - avoid burden on kids 
/n11:37:35 elect hillary pres and that's what get
/n11:37:46 to rebuild mid-class lifestyle - every person should be able to go to college - for nearly 20 years - every person who has 2 years of ed after hi school - 50% chance of rising income - not rocket science - all have vested interest in sending ll to college - vote for her and she'll give it to you
/n11:38:47 more pell grants - americoprs and community serbvice - lower cost loans from govt - oppty to pay back as percentage of income
/n11:39:18 in 1990's 13 million added to ranks of college laons - saved 9 billion - taxpayers saved too -no one defaulted
/n11:39:48 **** she wants to do soemthign we have not done in long time - if borrow money for education and go into public service - service itself will be loan repayment - if you want that elect her president - nj send a message on feb 5th
/n11:40:29 she has good plan to stop mortgage crisis from ballooning into recession - they should not be first victims - freeze on mortgage foreclosures =- payment guarantees.... it's worth 30 billion to avoid 300 billon loss and undermine dream of home 
/n11:41:17 she has good ideas - most impt thing is strategic energy fund - invest in america to make energy independent improves securioty - green energy plan to fight global warming ... create more jobs - 
/n11:41:59 ****good vision and good ideas - best reason - she is a proven change agent - make positive changes in others' lives - not for nothing called chief exec - this is what elex about - hillary believes only 2 things matter - are people better off - brighter future - nothing else matters - all her life she a doer - when we met in law school - most couuldn;t wait to get out - she took extra year to work in hospital and child study ctr - coz saw kids with burns, abused and neglected - almost no protection then... 
/n11:44:13 today more than hal lawyers are women - she went to work for childrens defense fund - kocking oin doors to ask why kids drop out - found due to disabilities and schools not organized - work became basis of special ed law - guarantee equal educatiuon - helping change lives when young
/n11:45:11 when i gov - she brought landmark - pre-scholl education plan - don;t know how
/n11:45:40 she handled school reform program - one of 2 states that improved the most
/n11:45:56 in wt hse - after lost effort to reform healthcare - passed children's health insurance program
/n11:46:18 worked wih rep to double foster care rate thru tax credit - woman thnked me - i said thank hillary
/n11:46:51 all over world - hear people say she changed things - in senegal - help end female mutilation - hillary only one ever stood up for us
/n11:48:17 when republicans won majority - she appointed to armed services - passed bills to help injured vets - in this campaign - passed family and medical leave bill - and bill no one should have to pass - military got signing bonus - if wounded to much to work - pentagon wanted bonus back - she fought it - right thing to do
/n11:49:37 she and sen john mccain - admires though disagree - took skeptical republicans - now bip[artisan majority in senate to save planet - 
/n11:50:04 other examples - childrens health - mention natl security - have to restore our standing in worlsd - not just about iraq - global warming, geneva convention
/n11:50:48 we have tosend different message to world and she qualified to do it - message goes liek this - america is back - from now on - not many problems we can solve by selves - terror, global warming - new policy -0 cooperate when can and not act alone- military force as only last resort and not other way around....
/n11:51:47 one least point - she has personal qualitiesd to make changes because of what drives her inside - must have pres to pursiue agenda and build future in bad times and good.... in 200 - no one asked abotu katrina or 9/11 or pakistan - happens to every pres - must now pres able to handle that...
/n11:52:58 look at waht katrina done to 2nd bush term - you know whe's still working in new orleans - she will handle whatever happens and still keep her commitments to rebuild middle class and keep standing in world
/n11:53:32 presidency has hazards good times too, - easy to get isolated - play song when walk in - never wait in traffic - no ciommute - nicest public housing - airplane cool - 
/n11:54:08 she'll never forget you - last summer friend called me - coimg to ny - want to play trump course - you used to be pres - took them, got a caddy - restrained by caddy - said don't go - you don;t me - not really a caddy - he got serious - do this to supplement income - capt in fire dept - before 9/11 firemen thought were republicans - liked macho rhetoric - on that day - when we were seeing towers drop - and afterwards in rubble - your wife, our senator was first who knew we'd get sick coz of what we'd breathe - but pres and epa said no way they can get sick - no way ...epa wearing masks - hillary knew and fought for us - she got help and some of us survived becoz of it - service was honored - this guy said - know one thing - that's person ought to be pres - someone who knows what it's like to be me - 
/n11:57:44 that's the person i would support - can give brighter future
/n11:57:55 onlyissue you face - who would be best pres and how define that - if want right goals, proven change maker - can take heat - easy to answer - she will be great pres and nj can take her tjere
/n11:58:29 end - music starts as clinton waves
/n11:58:44 black (0:00) /

Title reads: "Florida". <br/> <br/>Miami, United States of America (USA). <br/> <br/>American golf championship. M/S of golfer, Johnny Ravolta, putting ball into hole. A crowd watches. L/S of crowd on golf course, in background is large building with tower (name sounds like 'Biltmoor' it commentary). Various shots of golfer putting. The crowd watching looks very glamorous. All the caddies are black. M/S of Ravolta hitting winning put, crowd applauds. Ravolta takes the ball from the hole and kisses it. He then shakes hands with his opponent. <br/> <br/>M/S of woman presenting Ravolta with cheque. He has won the Biltmoor (sp.?) Cup. C/U of Ravolta laughing.

Film opens showing map of Asia and black clouds coming from all around the world to enclose Japan. A street scene with commercial displays of lights and modern architecture. Hollywood movie advertisements, including one for the 1931 Hollywood movie "Confessions of a Co-Ed," starring Phillips Holmes, Sylvia Sidney, and Norman Foster. Japanese newspapers reporting on communist activities. View of a woman's skirt and shoes as she walks along a sidewalk in Western clothing fashions. Similar view of a man. Japanese woman in Western fashions holding a compact and powdering her face. Closeup of the woman's face, with lipstick applied. She winks at the camera. A Japanese man and woman dressed in Western fashions, walking together. They sit together at a cafe table sipping sodas through straws. Behind them on the wsll is posted an advertisement for the 1930 movie, "Girl of the Golden west" starring Ann Harding. Japanese people in western fashions hurrying along a city street past others in more traditional Japanese garb. A Japanese dressed in the latest Western golfing attire, teeing off on a golf course. Two boy caddies stand next to him. Laborers in a glen using pickaxes to contour the ground (possibly for a golf course). View of a large school building with many uniformed school girls performing calisthenics in the schoolyard. Final scene reverts to the opening map and shows the dark clouds being dispelled from Japan. Location: Japan. Date: 1931.

GOLF GAME WITH BLACK CADDY

NAME: NWZ WOODS 20091213I TAPE: EF09/1162 IN_TIME: 10:35:35:12 DURATION: 00:01:53:12 SOURCES: TVNZ DATELINE: New Plymouth, 13 Dec 2009 RESTRICTIONS: No Access New Zealand SHOTLIST BLACK SCREEN SEPARATES EACH SOUNDBITE 1. Low shot of Steve Williams, caddie for Tiger Woods on course 2. SOUNDBITE (English) Steve Williams, caddie for Tiger Woods: "I don't have anything to do with what Tiger (Woods) does off the course and whatever he does is his own business but you know to have been labelled a liar in the media is very disappointing to me. I tell the truth, I tell the facts, I know nothing about it and to have people write and announce that some of the things I've said have been untrue, yeah, that's really made me sick." ++1 SECOND OF BLACK SCREEN++ 3. SOUNDBITE (English) Steve Williams, caddie for Tiger Woods: "He's obviously got something to work out and I just hope for everybody's sake that him and his family - his lovely wife Elin (Nordegren) can repair the damage and get back together. They're a great family and they're very close to me and my wife." ++1 SECOND OF BLACK SCREEN++ 4. SOUNDBITE (English) Steve Williams, caddie for Tiger Woods: "Golf's a game we love and it's a good game that we play and I've always said to Tiger at the end of the day it's just fun and if he doesn't enjoy it anymore - no big deal. It's just a game. Life is more important, his family is more important. So how we deal with it is really inconsequential. How he deals with getting his family together - that is more important." ++1 SECOND OF BLACK SCREEN++ 5. SOUNDBITE (English) Steve Williams, caddie for Tiger Woods: "Tiger's human, we all make mistakes in life and he's made a mistake but we all make mistakes." ++1 SECOND OF BLACK SCREEN++ 6. SOUNDBITE (English) Steve Williams, caddie for Tiger Woods: "I feel deeply sorry for the guy. In all the ten years that I've caddied for this guy, he's been incredibly gracious with the media, he's never not committed himself to the media and he's been great and he makes one mistake and they run all over the guy." ++1 SECOND OF BLACK SCREEN++ 7. SOUNDBITE (English) Steve Williams, caddie for Tiger Woods: "I don't see Tiger Woods away from the PGA tour. Yes he's been to New Zealand here a couple of times and yes I've been on holiday with him but we don't spend any major amount of time away from playing golf." ++1 SECOND OF BLACK SCREEN++ 8. SOUNDBITE (English) Steve Williams, caddie for Tiger Woods: "I've caddied for 31 years and Tiger will be the last player I caddy for." 9. Various of set up shots of Williams on course STORYLINE The caddie for Tiger Woods on Sunday denied knowing anything about the "indiscretions" that led the world's number 1 player to take an indefinite leave from golf. Steve Williams said in an interview broadcast by TVNZ that it was "very disappointing...to have been labelled a liar in the media". "I don't have anything to do with what Tiger (Woods) does off the course and whatever he does is his own business," he said. An American sports writer said earlier the caddie must have known about Woods' alleged affairs and may even have helped arranged liaisons. In a column for ESPN The Magazine, Rick Reilly wrote that Woods needs to "clean house." "If he wants to keep his wife, he has to get a new agent, a new caddie and some new friends," Reilly wrote. "It's hard to believe all this went on without their help or knowledge. How can she see them as anything but enablers?" Williams, who began working for Woods in 1999, defended Woods on Sunday saying that "Tiger's human, we all make mistakes in life and he's made a mistake but we all make mistakes." "I feel deeply sorry for the guy. In all the ten years that I've caddied for this guy, he's been incredibly gracious with the media, he's never not committed himself to the media and he's been great and he makes one mistake and they run all over the guy," he added. Williams said he had no idea when Woods planned to play golf again. Woods announced on Friday he was taking indefinite leave from the tour to focus on becoming "a better husband, father and person." It was the latest drama to unfold and the biggest fallout yet from two shocking weeks filled with allegations of rampant extramarital affairs with a number of different women. Williams said he hoped that Tiger and his wife Elin "can repair the damage and get back together". Woods has been married to Elin Nordegren for five years, and they have a two-year-old daughter and a 10-month-old son. Williams said he would be ready to caddie when Woods return, and he would not work for anyone else. "I've caddied for 31 years and Tiger will be the last player I caddy for," he said. For now, Woods remains in a self-imposed exile; his whereabouts unknown. He has not been seen in public since the November 27 car accident set off his shockingly swift downfall. While many questions remain about exactly what did happen over the course of Woods' marriage and the November 27 car crash just outside his home, his decision to take an "indefinite break" from golf has fans and his colleagues buzzing about when or if he'll return. A year ago, he missed eight months, including two majors and a Ryder Cup, while recovering from reconstructive surgery on his left knee. The PGA Tour already has 33 tournaments scheduled for network television in 2010, with 10 more on the Golf Channel. When Woods was out with his knee injury, ratings typically plunged 50 percent. The ratings Woods attracted is what helped the tour negotiate blockbuster deals with the networks that allowed prize money to quadruple since he arrived. Most believe ratings won't suffer from Woods' image being tarnished, and might even improve whenever he does return because of all the publicity. One of his sponsors, Gillette, said it won't feature the world's richest athlete in its marketing campaign while Woods takes time off to repair his personal life. Woods taking an indefinite leave could mean reduced visibility in advertising, especially if more sponsors take Gillette's lead. None of his TV commercials have aired since November 29, although such spots are rare during a slow time of the year in golf.

TREES CUT DOWN ON THE COURSE OF THIS YEAR'S U-S OPEN ARE TURNED INTO PENS FOR GOLF FANS.

While Close by, Rosie, the World's only golf-playing elephant...

89-year-old John D. Rockefeller, Sr., seated on bench on golf course, holds golf club / Rockefeller standing on green watches boy tee off, then walks over, shakes boy's hand and hands him a dime; two African-American caddies stand in bkgd / MS caddy sets golf clubs against front of limo as Rockefeller walks to car door held open by chauffeur; Rockefeller turns, touches hand to hat, and gets in car / Note: exact month/day not known

&lt;p>https://edition.cnn.com/sport/lost-golf-balls-environment-spt-spc/index.html#:~:text=Found%20Golf%20Balls%20CEO%20Shaun,US%20every%20year%20since%202020.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;b>SPORT-lost-golf-balls-environment-spt-spc-2&lt;/b>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>Approved - Mark Tutton&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;b>‘Billions’ of golf balls could be lost every year. Where do they end up?&lt;/b>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;b>By Jack Bantock&lt;/b>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;b>CNN&lt;/b>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> CNN -- Tiger Woods scrunches his face in frustration as he watches his ball splash into the Pacific Ocean.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> And yet, Woods lost a ball. His hooked shot from the 18th tee sank some 40 feet to join the other white, pink and yellow orbs scattered across the sea floor of Stillwater Cove.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> The momentary aberration is little more than a footnote to what will be regarded by many as the greatest performance in the history of the sport. Woods’ staggering 15-shot victory at the 2000 US Open in Pebble Beach, California, showed a level of a mastery that may never be matched.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> If the world No.1 and future 82-time PGA Tour winner could surrender a ball to the environment at the peak of his near-superhuman powers, just how many do the millions of mere mortal golfers across the globe lose each year?&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> The short answer: A lot.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;b>      Heavy losses&lt;/b>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> A record 45 million people played the sport in the US during 2023, according to the United States Golf Association (USGA), and there were another 31.6 million unregistered and registered golfers across 146 countries last year, according to the R&amp;A.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> In 2019 the US boasted 43% of the world’s golf courses with 16,752, the R&amp;A reported. That’s more courses than the number of Starbucks or McDonalds stores across the country and the stage for a record 531 million rounds of golf nationwide in 2023, according to the National Golf Foundation (NGF).&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> As any amateur who has picked up a club will know, the chances of finishing a round with the ball you started with are slim. While a myriad of factors can affect those odds – chiefly, skill and the topography of the course – estimates for the number of balls lost by the average golfer per round typically vary between one and four.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Found Golf Balls CEO Shaun Shienfield, whose company recovers and resells millions of lost balls across the US and Canada each year, told CNN that he gauged the average to be between three and four each round.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Using Shienfield’s low estimate, that’s over 1.5 billion balls lost in the US every year since 2020. If those balls were laid in a row, they would extend around the Earth’s circumference more than one and a half times.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Add in the rest of the planet’s golfers and the number of lost balls could be much higher, according to Torben Kastrup Petersen, course manager for Danish Golf Union, which has researched the environmental impact of lost balls.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> “While precise global estimates are challenging … the worldwide figure could easily exceed 3 to 5 billion golf balls lost each year,” Petersen told CNN.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> With courses present in 84% of the world’s countries, there are few environments that have not become unintended lodgings for a golfer’s errant shot. Tee drives have been struck everywhere from the icy plains of Greenland to the billowing rims of Hawaiian volcanoes, and from the peaks of South African mountains 4,500 feet above sea level to beside the whale-filled waters of Norwegian fjords.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> It doesn’t take a course to lose a ball either. In 2009, US scientists searching for evidence of the Loch Ness monster via submarine were stunned to make an entirely different discovery lurking amid the depths – tens of thousands of golf balls.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> It was thought that locals and tourists had been using the Scottish lake as an alternative driving range for years. Submerged in silt some 750 feet down on the inky black bed of the loch, the balls were beyond hope of retrieval without extensive equipment and expense.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;b>      Water hazards&lt;/b>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> A lifelong lover of all things marine, conservation biologist Matthew Savoca had been closing in on his PhD in ecology at the University of California, Davis, when, in 2017, he received a detailed scientific enquiry from an unlikely source – a high schooler.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Alex Weber, a junior at Carmel High School, asked Savoca, the author of various papers on the impact of plastic pollution on ocean wildlife, for his advice regarding what she’d found snorkeling in Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary near Pebble Beach.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Curiosity piqued, Savoca was blown away when Weber lifted the doors on her parents’ garage to present her loot: barrel upon barrel overflowing with golf balls.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> By that point, in early 2017, Weber and friend Jack Johnston had collected around 10,000 balls. Over the next year and a half, the duo recruited friends and family to pluck almost 30,000 more from the shoreline and shallow waters off Pebble Beach and nearby coastal courses Cypress Point and Carmel River Mouth.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Some employees from the world-renowned Pebble Beach course joined the effort, Savoca recalled, adding roughly 10,000 balls to take the total haul to 50,681 or, as Savoca puts it, a “startling” 2.56 tons of plastic debris – the weight of a small pickup truck.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> The findings were compiled in a peer-reviewed joint paper that the team hoped would serve as a blueprint for tackling the issue on a mass scale. Savoca estimated that at Pebble beach alone, as many as 186,000 balls – or 9.42 tons of debris – end up in the waters each year.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> “If we want this issue to be mitigated, to be dealt with, what we need is a blueprint – where the pollution is, how much pollution is out there, what are the collection methods that work and what are the consequences if we don’t do collections?” Savoca told CNN.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;b>      “It’s there forever”&lt;/b>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Those consequences, Savoca says, could be dire for the harbor seals and endangered California sea otters that Weber watched playing among the swell of golf balls, as well as countless other species – humans included.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Modern golf balls are typically composed of a synthetic rubber (polybutadiene) core encased within a synthetic polymer (urethane elastomer) cover.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Manufacturers, Savoca explained, add zinc oxide, zinc acrylate and benzoyl peroxide to cores to boost flexibility and durability – substances “acutely toxic” to marine life. Intact, the balls pose little threat, but as they slowly disintegrate on the seafloor, these chemicals join tiny plastic particles seeping out into the ocean. These particles “just get smaller and smaller until they eventually get in the food web and eventually get into us,” Savoca explained.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> “Once they (golf balls) become those microscopic-type fragments, there’s basically no cleaning it – it’s there forever,” he added.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> “But you have an opportunity, when the materials are big enough to actually retrieve them, to prevent a type of pollution that’s impossible to deal with later – decades or even centuries from now.”&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Savoca estimated that roughly 28 kilograms (61.7 pounds) of irrecoverable debris had been lost to the sea from the balls they retrieved near Pebble Beach alone. The popularity of coastal golf courses worldwide means that globally, that number will be much higher.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Mitchell Schols, founder of Canada-based Biodegradable Golf Balls, put a “very conservative” estimate for North America at one million balls lost to oceans annually. He estimated another 100,000 balls are lost to the sea each year in each of the next five biggest golf markets: Japan, South Korea, England, Germany and Australia.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Consider that coastal golf courses are themselves vastly outnumbered by those located inland, and the implications of billions of balls bouncing into the environment are almost too much for Savoca to compute.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> “Just in America, you’re talking about tens of thousands of tons of this debris, every year,” Savoca said. “It’s really hard to wrap your mind around.”&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Savoca’s discoveries built on 2009 testing by the Danish Golf Union, which found golf balls release a high quantity of heavy metals when decomposing, with dangerous levels of zinc discovered in the synthetic rubber filling used in solid core balls.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> The researchers also concluded that it takes between 100 and 1,000 years for a golf ball to decompose naturally. Course manager Petersen stresses the need for “industry-wide solutions.”&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> “Addressing this problem is not just about managing waste but also about mitigating broader ecological impacts,” Petersen said.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> “Golfers need to be made more aware of the environmental impact of lost balls,” he added.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;b>      Bio-balls&lt;/b>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Potential solutions have surfaced in recent years.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Spotting a gap in the market, Schols launched Biodegradable Golf Balls to offer an eco-friendly “guilt-free” alternative for golfers playing around – and even on – the water.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> They are made with a water-activated biodegrading compound that means the balls dissolve within four weeks of contact with water, releasing non-toxic corn starch and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), a water-soluble synthetic polymer, which similarly disintegrates. If left on land, the balls could take between one and two years to biodegrade, Schols added.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> The company’s target market includes coastal resorts and events, boat owners and cruise ships, but not the average golfer. The lack of a rubber core contributes to a roughly 30% distance loss compared to the typical ball, Schols explained, meaning the balls are best suited to usage such as hitting targets near or into water.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> It is a similar story for Albus Golf, a Spanish golf ball manufacturer that designed the Ecobioball and Ecocoralball, which dissolve upon contact with water to release fish food and coral food respectively within 48 hours. Their “single-use” lifespan and performance drop-off severely limits their uptake among regular players.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Schols is surprised that larger companies have not yet put a high-performance biodegradable “green-use” ball to market. Currently working on a version of his own, he is optimistic that big names will soon follow suit.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> “It’s only a matter of time before we see a lot of these bigger golf companies jump in and start putting the sustainability aspect of their business in the forefront of the consumer,” Schols said.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;b>      Cleaning up&lt;/b>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Until then, the best solution may be the most obvious one, a five-word mantra that Savoca believes would go a long way to solving all manner of pollution: “Just clean up after yourself.”&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Many do. As Found Golf Balls’ entire business model attests to, lost does not necessarily mean unfindable. CEO Shienfield estimates that in the US 150 million balls a year are recovered from the environment and recycled through companies such as his own.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> By the USGA and R&amp;A’s definition, a ball is deemed “lost” if it cannot be found within three minutes of the golfer or caddie beginning to search for it. That leaves a wide window for many to be retrieved at a later date, be it by a player, club staff, or even a good citizen – one man and his dog collected over 6,000 during a five-year effort in London.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> A global retrieval industry represents a potentially substantial alleviation in the pile up of lost balls. One UK-based man told CNN in 2015 that he could earn up to £100,000 (about $114,000) annually by diving to retrieve golf balls from lakes on golf courses. A 12-strong set of 2023 Titleist Pro V1 balls in near mint condition (minor markings or surface scratches) currently resells for $23.99 on the Found Golf Balls website.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Some manufacturers are also making efforts to retrieve balls. According to Titleist’s website, its subsidiary PG Golf has recovered and resold over 39,000 tons of used golf balls since it was founded in 1992, recycling upwards of 40 million balls each year from courses across 43 states to put rubber, surlyn and urethane products “back into play.”&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Many courses operate their own in-house retrieval systems. TPC Sawgrass, for example, hires professional divers to help reclaim some of the estimated 120,000 balls that annually splash into the waters surrounding the Florida course’s legendary par-three 17th hole island green.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Pebble Beach began a golf ball recovery program “in earnest” in 2017, a spokesperson for Pebble Beach Resorts told CNN. It regularly collaborates with professional divers to retrieve balls from the sea, as well as collecting balls from shoreline and beach areas, supplemented by communicating rules prohibiting golfers from intentionally hitting into the ocean.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> “Our collection efforts are part of a comprehensive program to be great environmental stewards across the entire resort, both on and off the golf course,” the spokesperson added.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> “Pebble Beach Resorts is situated on one of the most spectacular backdrops not only in golf, but the world over and we are committed to preserving the beauty and health of our natural environment for generations to come.”&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> Such efforts serve to chip away at the growing number of lost balls – just how much of a dent they make, Savoca asserts, comes down to a matter of willingness.&lt;/p>\n&lt;p> “I’m not here to say golf shouldn’t exist or people shouldn’t play golf,” he said, “but just try to do your best to clean up.”&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;b>™ &amp; © 2024 Cable News Network, Inc., a Warner Bros. Discovery Company. All rights reserved.&lt;/b>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;b>--TEASE--&lt;/b>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;b>--SUPERS&lt;/b>--&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>File&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;b>--VIDEO SHOWS&lt;/b>--&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;b>--LEAD IN&lt;/b>--&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;b>--VO SCRIPT&lt;/b>--&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;b>--SOT&lt;/b>--&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;b>--TAG&lt;/b>--&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;b>--REPORTER PKG-AS FOLLOWS&lt;/b>--&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;b>-----END-----CNN.SCRIPT-----&lt;/b>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;b>--KEYWORD TAGS--&lt;/b>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;b>--MUSIC INFO---&lt;/b>&lt;/p>\n&lt;p>&lt;/p>

This circa 1938 black-and-white Pictoreel sports film takes its viewer to Pinehurst, North Carolina — the cradle of American golf. The film shows several luxurious homes and street scenes as the narrator explains how golf is the life blood of the city, so much so that many businesses close during the course of the day so that owners may take time to head to the links. Even “gentlemen of the cloth … mingle with their flocks” as at mark 01:50 two clergymen walk to the greens toting their clubs. Mark 02:00 takes the viewer to nearby Taylortown, a rural community that’s almost exclusively inhabited by caddies and their families. The famed Pinehurst Country Club is shown at mark 02:45 as the narrator explains how the resort is home to the North and South Open (one of the most prestigious golf tournaments in the United States from 1902 to 1951). Beginning at mark 03:08 the film shows several professional and amateur golfers taking swings at the 1938 North and South Open including Johnny Revolta, George Dunlap, Ed Dudley, and Jimmy Thompson, before following them to the greens. Byron Nelson slams one down the fairway at mark 04:03, as does Thompson and other golfers. Legendary amateur golfer Bobby Jones is shown photographing the event at mark 05:08 as Horton Smith heads to the 18th hole at mark 05:20 and Vic Ghezzi is shown sinking the final putt to take the title. Several professional “feminine champions” at Pinehurst are also shown starting at mark 05:50 including Estelle Lawson Page, Dorothy Kirby, Virginia Hemphill, and Helen Guilfoyle, before showing some golf tips from the pros, including a few illustrated by Horton Smith. (Smith had won the 1937 North and South Open, and was the winner of the first and third Masters Tournaments). <p><p>Pinehurst Resort is a historic golf resort in the United States, located in Pinehurst, North Carolina. It has hosted a number of prestigious golf tournaments. Pinehurst was founded by Boston soda fountain magnate James Walker Tufts. He purchased 5,500 acres for approximately $1.25 per acre in 1895, and opened the Holly Inn New Year's Eve of that year. The first golf course was laid out in 1897/98, and the first championship held at Pinehurst was the United North and South Amateur Championship of 1901. Pinehurst's best known course, "Pinehurst No. 2," was completed in 1907 to designs by Donald Ross, who became associated with Pinehurst for nearly half a century. After Pinehurst No. 2 was opened in 1907, Donald Ross said that the course was, "The fairest test of championship golf I have ever designed."<p><p>From 1902 to 1951, Pinehurst was the home of the North and South Open, which was one of the most prestigious golf tournaments in the United States at that time. Pinehurst is still home to the annual North and South Amateur Golf Championships, a series of tournaments which includes a Men's Championship inaugurated in 1901 and the Women's Championship that began two years later. The first PGA Tour major staged at Pinehurst was the PGA Championship in 1936, won by Denny Shute. In 1951, the resort hosted the Ryder Cup, and in 1991 and 1992 it was the venue for The Tour Championship.<p><p>We encourage viewers to add comments and, especially, to provide additional information about our videos by adding a comment! See something interesting? Tell people what it is and what they can see by writing something for example: "01:00:12:00 -- President Roosevelt is seen meeting with Winston Churchill at the Quebec Conference."<p><p>This film is part of the Periscope Film LLC archive, one of the largest historic military, transportation, and aviation stock footage collections in the USA. Entirely film backed, this material is available for licensing in 24p HD, 2k and 4k. For more information visit http://www.PeriscopeFilm.com

President Dwight Eisenhower hosts Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent at the Augusta National Golf Club in Georgia, December 1956

BLACK CADDY WALKS AWAY FROM CAMERA

Introductory intertitle reads: "Fired by all the talk about golf, some very youthful champions show real form in an unusual match..." <br/> <br/>M/S of a group of people gathered around watching a very young child about to "tee off". He hits the ball and the crowd applauds. He takes another shot (the child is about three years old). The child walks along carrying his golf club, the crowd follow. There seems to be two children playing each other. Their caddy is black and holds hands with one of the boys as he walks along. <br/> <br/>The crowd react to various shots as if the children are playing like experts. Sometimes they miss the ball totally. When the first child gets his ball in the hole, the other runs up, moves his ball closer to the hole and knocks it in. They shake hands as the match ends.

Pinehurst. A visit to the golfing town of Pinehurst, North Carolina in 1938. Pinehurst Village Chapel Church, The Pinehurst Theatre, many cars on village streets, houses, mansions and residences of golfers, Pinehurst resort hotel, women exists shop with golf clubs and gets into 1938 convertible, man exists news store to play golf, barber shop barber with golf clubs, two priests leave rectory with golf bags. Famous golfers tee off. Johnny Revolta drives golf ball, George Dunlap drives off green, Ed Dudley drives off of tee with crowd of fans behind. Jimmy Thompson. fans walking across green and watching, man drives a log put.Ed Dudley puts golf ball into cup, onlookers clap. spectator gallery walks to next tee Tailortown, home of the black caddies who work at Pinehurst Country Club. wooden houses, workers shacks, small corral with cow, black men running in front of house and down wooden stairway, men jump into taxi cab which drives away slowly, caddies in time clock line punching in for work, smiling wearing hats, long line of caddies, caddie carrying golf bag gives club to golfer and they walk away LS side view of Pinehurst Country club house with parking lot with many cars, rear of clubhouse, view of Maniac Hill from veranda of golfers warming up, start of North South golf tournament with spectators Denny Shute takes a swing, caddy standing with golf bag, Myron Nelson swings, Jimmy Thompson drives golf ball, Vic Ghezzi swings club, pan across fairway with spectators, Jim Thompson sinks putt from edge of green, Ed Duffy sinks put and gallery in suits and hats watch, Jimmy Hines looks at camera Fans move to 17th tee. Ralph Guldahl swings. Bobby Jones takes a photograph sitting on ground. Bobby Cruikshank hits golf ball. Gallery moves to 18th green, Vic Ghezzi misses put but wins tournament. Men shake hands. crowd walks away women golfer swings. Estelle Lawson Page hits golf ball. Dorothy Kirby. Virginia Hemphill, Helen Guilfoyle makes a putt, Virginia Hemphill hits out of sand trap Horton Smith shows putting technique using overlapping grip. Sinks long put. Tony Manero demonstrates chip shot onto green. Jimmy Thompson shows long golf drive with overlapping grip. CU golf ball on tee. Johnny Revolta shoot golf ball out of sand trap. Ball lands in cup. CU overlapping golf club grip. Denny Shute demonstrates iron shot off of tee. CU hands grip golf club. Vic Ghezzi shows stance for successful drive. Cu hands on club, CU driver with golf ball. Golfer drives golf ball directly at camera

COVER FTG OF A COUNTRY CLUB IN HARARE, ZIMBABWE FOR A CS ON THE TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF BLACK MAJORITY RULE. 00:00:01 GOOD FTG OF WHITE GOLFERS, SHADED BY BLACK CADDIES, PLAYING THROUGH. INTVS WITH GOLFERS. CI: HUMANKIND: ZIMBABWE.

AN INSURANCE FRAUD SCHEME HAD POLICE DIGGING FOR EVIDENCE

Stevensville, Mich. [Joe Louis Playing Golf]

Golf caddie carrying golf bag